'Think of your family': China threatens European citizens over Xinjiang protests

It's a chicken and the egg problem. Both sides will use subterfuge and espionage against each other. They will counter with secret intelligence services or outright detainment camps and propaganda. One side won't give up when they can say that the other side is ready to exploit them.

It has gotten to the point where the Chinese view the Uighurs as potential proxy agents and so they heavily track and watch them and employ propaganda and reeducation camps against them.