The Myth That Capitalism Saved the World
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Because capitalism requires productivity from its citizens, and the market organizes this labor in an efficient manner, which is why our grocery stores are always filled with food & toiletries.
American democracy is the result of the British Parliament's misuse of capitalism ("no taxation without representation"). Capitalism is not static and is always correcting and improving itself with the help of pro-capital governments, like women's suffrage and child labor protection laws.
> capitalism alone can’t be the engine of human progress
For one, very few people claim that capitalism alone is the solution to human progress. That being said, it very much is the engine. We don't know of a better engine than capitalism, it creates value at unprecedented rates. That doesn't mean that you can't steer its output towards objectives that benefit society in ways that markets are unlikely to address in a timely fashion.
Take Norway. It has a trillion dollar fund, started from selling oil, now continuing to make money by investing in foreign companies. In addition to this, they have a market economy. Because they have so many socialized programs, the implication seems to be that this is not a capitalist country, but this is simply not true. Capitalism, again, is the engine.
Because a state with taxpayer funding produced a notable step forward for humanity does not mean that capitalism had nothing to do with this, it means that capitalism produced the taxpayer funding.
I'm curious how you've concluded that capitalism, alone, is "the engine"? Norway has a market economy but that doesn't exist in a vacuum. Surely their strong social safety nets provide a great deal of value or else Norwegians wouldn't spend the time and money administering them.
Most seem to have emerged since the 1950s, at an increasing rate through the 60s, 70s, 80s, and onward. Largely (though not wholly) from right/libertarian propaganda mills and commentators, repeated liturgically as articles of faith.
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I see people claiming that all the time.
How could this ever solve anything? It's not a solution, it's a framework.
It's like saying that Ruby on Rails is the solution to your company. We'll by definition it can't be. It can be used to do whatever your company needs but the framework can't be the company as it doesn't do anything useful in a vacuum.
However it's certainly a much better model than generating an HTTP stack in assembly to make your SAAS business. It solves a real problem that allows you to operate but it doesn't solve your higher level problem.
Capitalism is exactly the same. The lack of it can cause major problems. The existence of it cannot solve many problems but it can provide the only efficient framework in which many problems can be solved.
Whoever this guy is, he doesn't matter enough to get to redefine capitalism. Being in the general field of economics would be a start.
Just like one can use RoR to make shitty websites, and RoR is just the tool here, one can use capitalism to...oh, you know where this is going.
I'm honestly confused about why my comment got downvoted. I was not making a comment about capitalism itself, either for or against.
In the developing world, whether it's the US in 1880 or Guyana in 2019, rising productivity means people able to afford more capital and consumer goods, like insulated walls, menstrual pads, diapers and toilet paper, which collectively make an enormous impact on human health.
He points out that public goods and infrastructure are really important.
A capitalist economy provides lots of surpluses to use to pay for significant public goods without having a spartan way of life.
And it continues...
Total R&D population is up about 60% in the United States in the past 25 years, in a time when the population as a whole has increased by less than 20%.
Certainly a greater proportion go to university now than used to. Which came after.
Current levels of university attendance are far more down to pushing university as the right tertiary education, in place of apprenticeships; technical and vocational. Many governments have made policy to increase university attendance whilst closing or downplaying those other options.
The number of people in that category was miniscule before 1700, and has exploded in the past 300 years.
Yes, there were (a comparatively small number of) universities before this time, doing qualitatively different things. But capitalism paid the bills to transform them into institutions driving scientific advancement.
As the economy became more advanced, societies were able to allocate even more resources to tertiary sectors like advanced education, and universities became more numerous and sophisticated.
Productivity levels are critically important to the production of public goods like universities, and secure private property rights with contract law enables more rapid gains in productivity levels.
And all this doesn't even touch on my other point: higher productivity increases consumer power, which directly enhances the standard of living. It's not enough for some technology/knowledge to just exist. It has to be deployed, and that takes resources that more productive societies are more capable of providing.
None of his arguments are appealing or interesting.
However, it is definitely the case that the enormous technological advances we have seen in the last few centuries could not have happened without capitalism. The proof is that socialist countries, in spite of enormous investment in technology and science, have failed to produce any significant technological advances outside the military and space exploration realms. In the few cases where someone in a socialist country invented something important, like continuous casting or the cat scan, it languished until it was taken up by capitalist countries.
Everyone seems to think their ism is the best while conveniently ignoring ills in the past.
Colonialism is a crime of opportunity. You see it whenever your group has relatively advanced technology in terms of navigation, transportation, logistics, governance, and military.
Humans aren’t innately ethical. We’ve had to develop ethics through a long process of philosophical debate, with many setbacks and oversights. I think we’re doing alright.
But we find all of these things in other -isms too. As bad as capitalism's record is on all of these things-- human experimentation, unsustainable schemes yielding false returns, colonialism and aggression, environmental abuses--- the comparable record in fascism and communism and authoritarianism does not look great either.