> The worst thing about C++ is the endless sequences of choices you need to make about tooling before you even write a line of code.
I don't know about endless. CMake is supported in almost every IDE toolchain these days, so there's your build generator. Compiler choice may as well be down to the platform you're developing on.
> I'm a professional C++ programmer, but setting up a development environment required so many choices
Me too, and it's about as complicated as Java or any other language I've worked in.
> I would love a Dropwizard-like bundle that just gives me a pre-set-up config with everything I need to write a C++ CLI app or daemon.
Visual Studio, CLion, QtCreator all do this. They'll even add your main.cpp to your CMakeLists.txt for you.
Now, if we're talking dependency management on Windows, I'm all about griping there. vcpkg is not quite the drop-in solution Microsoft makes it out to be.