I'd be very interested in some research backing up (2).
Not because I don't believe you (actually I very much do). More that I'm curious and want to find out more about this phenomena.
General info about Victims, Bullies, Victim-Bullies
https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2010/07/bully-victim
More on point: In-depth about who is more likely to become a victim
http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/98783/E9...
Targets who displayed vulnerable body language were more likely to report past histories of victimization, and psychopaths identified these individuals as being more vulnerable to future victimization.
https://www.workplacebullying.org/gait/
What Do Sexual Predators Look For When Grooming Victims?
https://www.oxygen.com/crime-time/jeffrey-epstein-what-do-se...
Short Circuiting the Victim Selection Process
http://www.protectivestrategies.com/victim-selection.html
Marked for Mayhem
https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/articles/200901/marked-ma...