DNA is held together by hydrophobic forces
scitechdaily.com
scitechdaily.com
[1] https://academic.oup.com/nar/article/36/suppl_2/W163/2505801
Pop science publications literally do more harm than good by miscommunicating the actually novel aspect of a particular discovery, irrespective of superficial intent (popularizing science topics). Oh wait, why do they even exist to begin with? Assumption: to soak up all the advertising dollars go around.
How unproductive can an industry really be? The cost alone in wasted human-hours time analyzing and post-processing to discern what is real and what is hype and nonsense must be huge.
The thing's that, as far as I can tell, economic/political journalism seems to be at least as corrupted (intellectually; not talking about moral corruption), where explanations of complex phenomena are grossly oversimplified beyond recognition. Despite knowing that, it's hard to make a precise study of that sort of corruption because the actual underlying truth is unclear.
By contrast, it seems reasonable to read pop-science journalism and then compare it to a corresponding scientific story. We can then try to understand the nature of media twisting, then apply that understanding to helping us interpret journalism covering economics/politics, where the underlying truth isn't as easily otherwise-determined.
In short, it's neat to see pop-science journalism in action as it helps to put other sorts of journalism into perspective.
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Separately, I'd note the expression that "There's no such thing as bad publicity.".
While science-journalism may not be particularly successful in informing the public about science, it might have a positive effect on public-relations with the scientific community, helping the community to feel more connected to the scientific establishment.
I mean, it seems to work in, say, sports, where local communities will cheer on competitors from their community despite not having any real direct attachment to the competitors' efforts. It's my understanding that this sort of emotional connection helps to keep professional sports well-funded, driving public interest in their activities.
Then ditto for stuff like the expensive Apollo missions to put someone on Luna, which I've heard that Americans took to be a national victory (and perhaps others found it to be a human victory).
In short, science journalism might help drive public support for the sciences, even if it fails to convey actual science.
Literally the first sentence of the abstract is "Hydrophobic base stacking is a major contributor to DNA double-helix stability."
I have vague memories of a college professor who had spent a lot of time working out the exact places water would tend to coordinate on the DNA strand as part of his early prior research. His rant on the role of hydrogen bonding in the molecule was memorable.
The authors state their contribution as, "specific longitudinal unstacking in a hydrophobic environment has to our best knowledge never been reported before."
Full disclosure: in graduate school I worked in a lab that published a paper that contradicted some of his previous work. It was a different part of the lab so I only know the high level overview of the controversy. He's a giant in the field though.
> The main stabilizer of the DNA double helix is not the base-pair hydrogen bonds but coin-pile stacking of base pairs, whose hydrophobic cohesion, requiring abundant water, indirectly makes the DNA interior dry so that hydrogen bonds can exert full recognition power.
Key rule of thumb for pretty much any biological structure: it's the entropy not the enthalpy that dominates. Entropy in this context is the stacking of base pairs, enthalpy is formation of electrostatic or similar bonds (like an H-bond between DNA bases). Essentially every biological molecule is "greasier" than water, so it likes to hide that "grease" from the water much the same way oil likes to form droplets with itself in water because doing so reduces the "order" and therefore the boosts the total entropy of the solution.
Why you ask? It's complicated but my general understanding is that water that is interacting with "grease" has to adopt a fair amount of structure. By reducing the number of water molecules contacting your "grease" you reduce the amount of structure the water has, which means the total system is more disordered even as the grease itself adopts a higher degree of structure.
This is all a little handwavy, it's been a while since thermo, but it's a decent overall framework for general understanding.
The authors state their contribution as, "specific longitudinal unstacking in a hydrophobic environment,
has to our best knowledge never been reported before."
reporting such is akin to reporting oil is immiscible with water.have a look here:
"Water and counterions are crucial to screen the electrostatic repulsion among charged phosphates and also favor the apolar stacking of bases. Accordingly, the large impact of solvent modification on the properties of DNA is not surprising. For example, a subtle change in the neutralizing cation can lead to a dramatic conformational change(8, 9) or even to a complete alteration in the sequence-stability rules of the duplex.(10) "
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/jp503816r
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1904262/
these articles predate the submission and stand firmly on exploitation of solvent effects upon DNA helix stability.
50+years of Biochemistry have produced many DNA manipulation techniques wholly dependent, on solvent selection.
This research likely has no direct impact on how we understand the effects of EM radiation on DNA.