It's not meant to be a claim at all: the italics were meant to convey a sense of wrongness, that it feels wrong, not that it's actually wrong. Like noticing that a dog's "knee" bends the "wrong" way (that joint actually corresponds to our ankle). Or like fractions of bits, as in Arithmetic Coding. It's just
wrong. How can you have a fraction of a bit!? Ridiculous! (note: my masters involved arithmetic coding; I actually do understand it). Another one is an existence proof, as opposed to a constructive proof (ie. where you demonstrate that something must exist, without actually constructing it).
joeyo's right: non-deterministic. It doesn't actually nail the problem, it just "usually" works out "OK". Although, you can prove things about it, like how often it works, and how well. And that's very useful. Actually, I think it's to do with the algorithm not embodying a perfect solution, but rather a method for arriving at the solution. It's an engineering "how-to" hack, rather than a science "what-is". EDIT ie. a heuristic
Note my explanation of the algorithm, including a way to "lower this risk as much as you like", which is saying that it does work, within tolerances. Any interpretation of "wrong" could take that context into account.