Basic training is literally about making them think and act certain way. It is literally about them all teaching exactly same set of super basic skills so that the soldiers are replaceable by the end by each other. There is reason why soldiers personality changes after basic training (that is what their families and partners say).

More complex skills are not taught in basic training, but later in specializations.

Under stress and duress and lack of sleep, people learn less. Moreover, while soldiers do in fact have to work in difficult physical conditions in action, doctors don't.

And I am not even sure what death on itself has to do with it. Conditions of encountering it are incredibly different in both professions.