The process I was taught for mushrooms that you can identify as an edible species was:
Day 1: Eat a small (1/4 tsp) amount and observe for any reaction
Day 2: Repeat
Day 3: Don't eat any. Observe for any reaction.
Day 4: Eat
The explanation was that individuals can have widely varied reactions to species others find edible. Obviously don't do this for something unknown.