Nations and International Institutions loan out money to small countries which seem reasonable, however when they start to slip on payments they're offered relief in exchange for privatizing their resources and government services so capital around the world can extract rent. See Latin America in the last 30 years, and Africa for the last 50.
You're right though - it's just as insulting to say that these countries can't spot the trap. However some of these deals take literal armies of lawyers and economists to understand, and even when they understand, geo-politics can change around a country a lot more than a "first-world" nation.