It seems unlikely that either of these are more widely deployed than SQLite, especially the Linux kernel.
Probably the vast majority of deployments of the Linux kernel include SQLite. Add in all the non-Linux devices (e.g. the billions of iOS and Windows devices) and that's probably far more than the number of Linux installations without SQLite.
I don't know much about ICU, and perhaps you're right that it's one of the most used bits of software. But I can certainly imagine embedded devices that never communicate with users and wouldn't need ICU but do need to store data.
Most Widely Deployed and Used Database Engine
That last part is rather important.> MOST WIDELY DEPLOYED SOFTWARE MODULE OF ANY KIND? -- SQLite is probably one of the top five most deployed software modules of any description. Other libraries with similar reach include: zlib... blah blah blah
It stops just short of claiming it's the most deployed software in the world...