Desktop linux, not "the Linux kernel". The kernel isn't amazing, but on the desktop side you regularly see downright absurd stuff like this https://scarybeastsecurity.blogspot.com/2016/11/0day-exploit...
and less surprising bugs like this https://donncha.is/2016/12/compromising-ubuntu-desktop/
The quality of software outside of some widely deployed server software tends to be quite poor, exploit mitigations are not being implemented.
>And what malware runs on Linux?
Far too many to list. You can easily find hundreds of public examples. This terrible wikipedia page provides a decent starting point with a list of names to google https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linux_malware