I guess whether a structural comparison (VDOM) or a value comparison (Svelte) is more efficient really depends on the concrete use-case.

For example, even changing a single value in a big list requires the whole VDOM to be recreated, but should be very efficient in Svelte as it can directly modify the specific DOM node. On the other hand, as pointed out in the article you linked, if changing a value affects a large part of the DOM, but does not actually change that much, then value-comparing frameworks (e.g. Svelte) probably do a lot of unnecessary work compared to VDOM-based approaches (intuitively I would think that this case does not occur that often).