There's evidence that suggests[1] that efforts to control Coyote populations by killing them off are less effective than we thought - as the Coyote population drops in one area it creates a vacuum filled by coyotes from another area + increased reproduction, resulting in areas that underwent "coyote control" having spent a lot of time/money/effort and being back where they started at the end of it.
I can't verify a word of this, but I found the possibility interesting.
(I'm generally against any indiscriminate traps like these. I'm fine with hunting coyotes, but a device like this is too much of a risk to non-coyotes - as other commenters have already pointed out.)
1. https://www.npr.org/2019/06/14/730056855/killing-coyotes-is-...