In SR-71 Revealed, a book written by an SR-71 pilot and squadron commander, the author addressed this and to the best of his knowledge, the USAF and Lockheed both don't know the true top speed of the SR-71.

(Doing this from memory so I may get something wrong here), the SR-71 usually cruised at mach 3.2, it could accelerate to mach 3.3 when fired upon, and could go to mach 3.4 if the pilot felt it was critical to preserve the crew/airframe however the plane needed to return to base after getting out of harms way and needed to be inspected before returning to the flight line. A lockheed test pilot apparently got the SR-71 to mach 3.5 (or maybe Mach 3.6?) but said it started to get scary. If this is accurate, it's probably the case that no one knows what fails first on the SR-71.