> But, even in the 21st century, it's a struggle to get compliance with hand-washing rules in hospitals.

Ever talked with a nurse or a doctor? The reason is simple: way, way not enough staff at hand combined with maximum allowed/planned time for a certain procedure (e.g. 10 minutes for a full assisted shower) which only works in perfect conditions but falls apart under the slightest change (e.g. patient wet themselves), and combined with ruthless MBA-style C-level execs actually firing people for not keeping up with the numbers.

Medicine, especially highly critical / urgent care, needs to be socialized and shielded off from all negative effects of modern-day capitalism if this is to change.