You can check by opening a command line (Run -> cmd) and doing a "tracert random web site.com" (or Terminal, then traceroute in OSX/mtr in linux). If it doesn't come back with 8.8.8.8 or 8.8.4.4 as any of the servers (should be in the first few), you're not using Google's DNS servers.
Otherwise, remove the servers and revert to automatic or ISP settings (instructions are at the bottom of Google's doc).
EDIT: Sorry, confused DNS server with my ISP connection node. Check out the explanation by jonburs below.
A tool such as dig, on the other hand, will show you what server you're using, and easily see the results from an alternate. For example, compare the results of 'dig www.apple.com' (configured DNS) to 'dig www.apple.com @8.8.8.8' (Google DNS).
Quick question: dig (with no @server argument) turns up my router's IP. Is there a way to get around that?
If that's the case there's a good chance your router's admin interface will let you view and configure the DNS server its resolver is using.