This is such a mess... In India, the income tax department releases both Excel and Java versions of their forms that you can fill, verify, sign, and upload (as xml) - see https://www.incometaxindiaefiling.gov.in/downloads/incomeTax...
And what is this about a 2002 deal between Intuit and the IRS agreeing for the IRS not to release a tool that competes against TurboTax? That's so completely bizzare. Why in the world would the IRS strike a deal like that, that is detrimental to their own interests?