Can you explain your comment in more detail as I am not really sure what you getting at with "the defacto standard wire protocol for relational databases" nor "grow into" something like CockroachDB".
The SQL dialects are not the same, though they are similar, so you will have to go through your code to see if you need to fix anything. Moving the data itself over is fairly straight-forward:
https://www.cockroachlabs.com/docs/stable/migrate-from-postg...
Meaning you could in theory mirror data to CockroachDB and the point your clients to it instead of PostgreSQL. CockroachDB is aiming to solve horizontal scaling, hence the "grow" comment.
[1] https://www.datanyze.com/market-share/databases/postgresql-v...