This is no either-or situation. In Germany a cyclist has to used a bike lane if available and else uses the road. Kids <= 8 are allowed to cycle on the pedestrian paths.
While driving culture generally is terrible in Germany, in my opinion, with people driving way to aggressively, the situation may be improving gradually. The idea of having to keep some distance when passing cyclists seems to have reached some drivers. (From court rulings 1.5 meters is the absolute minimum)