The Gap Between Rich and Poor Americans' Health Is Widening
npr.org
npr.org
I don’t know the stats off the top of my head but I’ve heard many times that men’s health issues are under-studies relative to women’s — ie breast cancer versus prostate cancer. I’ve also seen that mental health problems affect men more than women, as well as behavioral problems with youth, and yet there’s no outcry for “health justice” for all the men with mental issues or men vastly overrepresented in the prison population.
The study claims that health correlates most strongly with income, and that the gap between black and white has narrowed - and yet the study author claims there’s a “stunning lack of progress.”
Most of America’s problems correlate most strongly with income and more weakly with race and gender, which isn’t surprising when income itself is uneven between race and gender demographics.
Yet it feels to me like we’re constantly crying out about race and gender discrimination while paying much less attention to wealth and income which seem to be the root issue.
Are there racists in the country? Do hate crimes happen? Yes, and we shouldn’t gloss over them.
But are the country’s problems driven mostly by racial hatred? I don’t think so. I think the problem is we have done a lot to pull the ladder up behind the upper-middle class, everyone in the lower income brackets is getting screwed, and that disproportionately affects minorities and historically disadvantaged groups. I think if we could get more serious about putting the ladder back and investing in upward mobility for all, we could make a lot more progress on all the rest of the issues that are affecting the country.
I think the actual metric is extremely complicated. By and large, symptoms of diseases and illness are based on male patients. Drug trials often exclude women (due to pregnancy risk) and many exclude pregnant women (forcing pregnant women to go without necessary medication to protect the fetus). Certain women's cancers like breast cancer recieve significant income but other issues like endomeitrosis recieve little to no research. Women are statistically forced to wait longer at ER and have their pain dismissed more regularly as not indicating anything serious.
So in some ways men are considered 'default' for drug trials, clinical health profiles, their pain and health are considered more seriously, etc. On the other hand, there isn't a lot of money for mental health geared towards men in particular, certain cancers that are male specific are ignored, and there isn't as much pressure for thinness and health on men as there are women socially.
So I don't think there's clear lines that by far X gender is oppressed on all levels in the healthcare field. It would be more accurate to presume that there are many different systemic failures correlated with different demographics, and this affects different demographics differently.
While I agree with you that class has a massive influence, I would hesitate to agree with you that the country's problems should be considered primarily class based. We are still only a generation past (less than a generation? arguably still ongoing?) purposefully refusing to lend or perform economic deals with people based on their race or gender. This would show up as class stratification but has a racial/sexist cause, so it may be inaccurate to presume that solely economic solution would resolve all other societal stratification issues.
(But I really do agree with you we need to remove barriers of economic class transfer.)
The paper also explicitly defined health justice as "a measure of the correlation of health outcomes with income, race/ethnicity and sex; and a summary health equity metric.", which doesn't sound like much of an editorialization to me.
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_ethnic_groups_in_the...
Who do you think is more privileged, with "privileged" meaning access to money, support, opportunities and potential for advancement: Will Smith's kids or a white poor guy who grew up in West Virginia?
I think the point the parent is trying to make is that at any individual's level income and wealth are a far better measure of privilege than race. Yes, wealth is highly correlated with race in the US, and a lot of that has to do with legally enforced racist policies in our past. And there are also certainly some examples of privilege that do correlate more with race than income (e.g. racial profiling by law enforcement). But if your headline is "Gap between rich and poor Americans...", why not just focus on those who are actually rich and those who are actually poor.
This is a misunderstanding of privilege.
You don't compare Smith to poor people in West Virginia, you compare him to his Hollywood peers. And there are fewer roles for black men, so yes, he is less privileged than his peers.
For poor white people the situation is more complex but anyone providing services knows that poor white men face significant disadvantages across a range of indicators and they're trying to fix it.
Parent chose to explicitly label the most privileged group as white men before arguing that white men aren't actually the most privileged group, when they are in most conceivable metrics.
I'm reminded of the Seinfeld reservation bit (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4T2GmGSNvaM).
Analogously, taking a reservation is pointless. Holding the reservation is the point.
It’s interesting that they are so privileged yet have on average decided otherwise on the future (with negative growth).
Humans are interesting...
The same resume with a Black sounding name gets far less traction than a stereotypically white name. Income and race are, unfortunately, coupled.
I think economic justice and racial equality and gender equality all come hand-in-hand.
When you hear people talking about racial injustice, while you advocate for economic equality, I think both are ultimately advocating for the same position.
In other words, does racism and gender create the income inequality we see across the board? No, but is getting rid of racism and gender inequality required to diminish income inequality? Yes.
You can't get rid of racial and gender inequality, because we're inherently inequal to each other AND between the genders. It's in our DNA for the foreseeable future. We can diminish and mute it, at best. Diminishing returns has set in, while we ignore the more impactful issues.
I like this definition.
People can be different, still having the same rights. They don't have to be ordered to have an equality operation defined on them.
That sounds unfair, but according to the staistics I can find [0] [1], breast cancer kills more and/or younger people (mostly women) than prostate cancer, which kills slightly less and/or older men (many men die with prostate cancer, but not of it).
[0] https://ourworldindata.org/cancer
[1] https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-...
>It can be seen or detected in processes, attitudes and behaviour which amount to discrimination through unwitting prejudice, ignorance, thoughtlessness and racist stereotyping which disadvantage minority ethnic people.
I'm not sure what the answer is, but it's very sad. Why are we destroying our bodies?
edit: this quote is getting at it, but seems to ignore the real problem.
> Research shows that health care accounts for only 10% to 20% of overall health outcomes
> when patients living in public housing have problems like pest infestations or lead paint, their team finds them attorneys to hold their landlords to account.
> Such approaches, Moore says, can address social determinants on a local level. But they need to be implemented more widely.
Do we have many people dying from lead and pests nowadays?
To me it seems like we've adopted the uber model for health in the United States. Free market and damn the externalities. Resulting in a nice profit transfer from the working class to Mondelez et al.
That fast food looks quick, convenient and affordable when you're going from one job to another and don't have much time or the additional money to spend on healthier fast casual eating options.
I do not disagree that whole fruits and vegetables are, by and large, cheap and ubiquitous. If the health outcomes were tied to "cheap and ubiquitous" produce, we'd be off the charts. Yet, here we are.
My point is workers who are barely scraping by are disadvantaged to not have the flexibility that higher-income earners do, to actually have the time/energy to cook a healthy meal. Or pay someone else to do it. They end up opting for meals that don't offer the macronutrient composition they need (e.g., frequently the issue is overconsumption of carbs), and are lacking in micronutrients as well (because there aren't enough fruit/vegetable servings in their diet).
Regarding weight: it's more practical to limit calorie consumption than "burn" them through exercise. An hour of high-intensity cardio might only burn 200 calories. Eating less calories is easier. To get some volume, generous portions of fibrous vegetable help-- so your stomach doesn't feel empty.
And making the broccoli is almost as convenient: you can get microwaveable bags that you just zap for x amount of time, empty into a bowl with some butter, add salt, mix and enjoy. Two minutes of actual effort, 10 minutes total time.
I think a lot of it has to do with the way we arrange food in stores, profit margins for food producing businesses, availability (you can't usually get frozen broccoli at a gas station), what food gets marketed, etc. Really if you put even a small amount of effort in getting veggies to taste good they taste as good as most junk food and processed food. It may never taste as good as spicy cheese flavored corn chips but is still pretty good
The usual estimate for an average person is around 750 calories (https://www.livestrong.com/article/525798-how-many-calories-...)
(THE WEEK BEFORE LAST/LAST WEEK), did (name/you) have more than one (job/job or business), including part time, evening or weekend work?
So it doesn't look like it separates different kinds of work.
Beans and grains are cheap. Staple fruits and vegetables are cheap. Chicken is cheap (especially dark meat). Eggs are cheap. You can feed a family of 4 a very healthy diet for ~$100 a month if you're willing to put in the work sourcing and cooking.
That's the crux of the issue, though. Food deserts combined with a lack of nutritional and culinary knowledge - maybe a lack of time to prepare healthy meals - is what's killing the average American diet, middle class and below.
Side note: if you raise your kids on hot dogs, chicken nuggets and soda every day then you will possibly ruin their palette for life. We now have people that find drinking water disgusting, because all they've ever drank is Diet Coke.
The result is a lot of cheap pre-packaged food and fast food.
It's also incredibly unhealthy if you ate it regularly, but hey. Cheap, tasty-enough calories hitting every "food group" from the good ol' pyramid. Though arguably not fruit, I guess.
[EDIT] I'm always confused when folks talk about healthy, fresh food being a slam-dunk price win over bad food. I can only assume they are not familiar with what's actually out there, in the bad food universe, and are just looking at how expensive full-price Frosted Flakes are or whatever. I find it damn hard to compete with $5/day/person like that Costco pizza, without resorting to a bachelor's rice-n-beans-n-whichever-veggies-were-about-to-go-bad diet.
I'm not advocating junk food, mind you. I just don't get why people say it's expensive and so poor people must only be saving time with it, at best. Sure, it can be expensive, if you're running around buying name-brand potato chips or something. It can also compete with bargain-hunter, ultra-penny-pinching healthy cooking, though, on a strictly price basis, while conferring other benefits (health not among them). Depends on what you buy.
Incidentally, the canonical junkfood-diet meat to accompany rice and beans is hot dog, not chicken. Easier to cook, comes pre-ruined so you can't accidentally ruin it during cooking, competitive with even very cheap chicken on price, keeps much longer.
Good tip on the hotdog, that actually sounds kinda tasty.
Some folks work ludicrous hours per week at multiple jobs. Telling them to put in more effort in shopping, exercise, cooking, and dishes is missing the problem entirely.
No government regulation should be imposed on the country as a whole so that some people can find things more convenient. If people can't be bothered to put some effort into being healthy, I'm not sure why I should care if the "gap between rich and poor American's health is widening" or not.
Edited to remove judgement.
The government (at various levels) should certainly have a role in ensuring a healthy population. But if nothing else, the government (at all levels) should be sure not to promote and fund profoundly unhealthy habits over healthy ones.
Lifestyle choices are not a function of government even if those choices result in shortened lifespans, poor health, poverty, or other "negative" outcomes. These are not externalities and are no business of society. You might say that sick people cost the society money. But the answer to that is not that people are sick, it's that someone has decided to spend money on those people. Of course this approach doesn't put more power into the hands of control freaks, so it'll constantly be fought.
> But if nothing else, the government (at all levels) should be sure not to promote and fund profoundly unhealthy habits over healthy ones.
Agreed. Government should not feed false information to the people.
this is an opinion. to the extent that the government publishes nutrition recommendations or information, it should of course be accurate, but I really don't want to see what the government actively "ensuring" my health looks like.
Side note: grains are not a healthy food.
Actually, carbs are the only macro-nutrient your body can completely do without.
Physical labor usually means long duration but low intensity exercise, which you can do just as well on a fat-based diet. Carbs only improve performance for short duration high intensity exercise (e.g. sprinting/weight lifting).
People have had their sense of taste hyper-stimulated for so long that they have grown a distaste for most “healthy” foods, to their own detriment. If every bite isn’t orgasmically delicious they are unlikely to eat that food again.
You can buy a 3L of Best Choice Soda with change you found in the parking lot, making it basically free. Coca Cola, what is this, the Hamptons? ;-)
Calories for calories, beans (NOT from a can, dry beans in a bag) are also like 20% of the cost of beef.
You actually name check a 44% sugar cereal that has a cartoon character as a mascot!
The person who invented the flavor described it as having a quality she called "want-more-ishness".
There is a caravan of Americans who went to Canada to get affordable insulin [1]. From a “first world country”.
The answer is universal healthcare. Everything else is rearranging deck chairs on the Titanic.
[1] https://www.reuters.com/article/us-canada-health-insulin/ame...
We don't need better health care. We just need people to care about their health.
to the people commenting that t1 is not preventable.. yes. I know that. I also know that type 2 is 23x more common in the US so it's really a nitpick imo: http://diabetes.org/diabetes-basics/statistics/
You can't just make health problems insignificant blaming.
You should probably look into Type 1 diabetes.
If there were a clear path to eliminate that 20% disparity, why shouldn't that path be pursued?
But I think the article is trying to imply that it all has to do with wealth as a cause, not wealth as a substitute identifier for a host of healthy habits.
The healthy habits are not expensive, but mostly rich people seem to adopt them.
Learning to cook is time-consuming and can be frustrating for some people. The skill of cooking is essential to eating better. You really have to learn to make your own food to maximize your health.
How do you expect someone working a full-time minimum-wage job, driving Uber on the side (because I meet almost nobody in rideshares that don't also do something else), taking care of children to find the time to learn to cook? Do they own all of the equipment that they need to be able to cook?
Put simply, they wouldn't be in a position to have to juggle between such terribly paying work and everything else. Many of them probably see fast food as a solution to work more and earn more since their pay is literally hourly. Can you honestly nnot understand why they might prefer the extra $8?
People should take care of their health, but that is not going to fix US healthcare (such as private insurance, pharma, and healthcare providers gouging healthcare consumers). Stab at the heart of the beast.
You misunderstand the problem.
You "die" from a heavy metal or other accumulating poisons only if you get an acute poisoning with a pretty large amount.
But if you get only tiny amounts for decades you don't die. You just suffer form a lot of "minor" ailments, and most of the time nobody even attributes it to lead (or mercury or whatever). That's because the correlation with aging is almost 1 - after all this can go on for decades with imperceptibly tiny increases in issues, completely in line with aging. Your brain will function less well. Your eyes may be dry and other minor sight issues. Key word "minor", you will not have some big clear symptoms, you will have lots of small issues. A few more warts from decade to decade. A bit more psoriasis. A few cramps. You are more easily tired ("it's the stress"). Maybe some slight depression, occasionally, and you don't get anything done. You get more colds than ten years ago and they last longer. Allergies start and grow.
Check my history, I posted about it, I had chronic (mercury) poisoning diagnosed, and only through luck and persistence. I have a long list of such symptoms that are all gone now even though I'm ten years older now than when I started (chelation) treatment, and which I myself, just like any doctor, always thought were "normal" issues that everybody has. That includes stuff like a nodule disappearing from my thyroid and the thyroid shrinking to normal size, to the great amazement of the endocrinologist, under chelation treatment within less than a year, after it had been there for over two decades. Needless to say, instead of asking questions and following up on how I achieved the miracle - nothing at all. And it wasn't some random miracle that cannot be explained, clearly this had to do with the chelation treatment, since that exact area became very active exactly after the 4th or 5th such treatment. Nobody cares.
Anyway, your post shows one of the problems: If there isn't a big problem visible right away there is none. Heavy metal poisonings with tiny amounts over decades are next to impossible to prove, unless you are "lucky" and for some reason when you are tested you actually have quite a bit moving around in your blood (unusual for such chronic exposure, where most of it is stored in various organs).
So nobody knows - wants to know? - how big the problem really is. My own doctor, researcher at a university clinic, is pretty pessimistic though.
(for example, say your job stresses you out so much and takes so much time out of your day that you can't cook, then suppose you feel pressured enough that you settle for fast food, and exercise less. So you gain weight over time. Now your weight might just stress you out too; now you have to deal with the detriments of that, on top of your shitty job. Sounds hard...)
So it makes sense to me that poor Americans's health is getting worse. For rich people, I'd have to assume they have the time/resources (possibly chefs) to get the healthy food and such that they need, so it's not changing much.
EDIT: Oh, and from my experiences growing up in a pretty conservative environment: lots of Americans honestly feel there's too much confusing info out there about diets, workouts, etc. It's always in the news, so you get tired of hearing about it and how you're going to die at 40 because of the terrible things you're doing to your body (McDonalds every week, or whatever). Plus, we've seen so many diet/fitness program commercials on TV and heard so many stories of them not working. I think people are well aware they should make a change, but how to do so is such a noisy topic with mixed success, that it stresses them out just thinking about it. Even if you were to provide them a new, easier way to get fit, it would look exactly the same as all those fake diets and exercise programs they saw on TV. Who knows if your new shit's gonna work or not? They'd rather not even bother.
If self reports remained constant since 1993 for the most privileged group and dropped for other groups, then all things being equal, outcomes should have dropped on average when you look at the entire population, but when you look at data about actual outcomes, they don't support this:
https://www.healthsystemtracker.org/chart-collection/how-has...
Maybe people feel worse even though they are doing better but don't remember how things were 25+ years ago.
If you get unhealthy, you literally become poor to the song of 6 digits.
A six digit reduction in wealth is enough to make over 90% of America poor.
Your ill health and bankruptcy become someone else's yacht or private jet.
It's pure vampirism. There is no other word for it.
Future executive function is highly correlated with high socio-economic status of childhood.
Please do not push any further toward the underlying message of white/western supremacy.
To argue that genetics plays an insignificant role in executive function is to pervert the science so far as to basically be a lie.
As for my white Western supremecy message, I'll try to pass along your recommendation to my biracial children.
But we have to get to the root cause of inequality to begin talking about a solution.
Most people have poor health because they make poor decisions. So either we disallow them agency and act as their perpetual nanny, or accept the world isn't perfect and that distributions will be unequal.
Throwing money at the problem won't help. You can spend unlimited healthcare dollars for no measurable benefit.
* Unacceptably nanny people
* Do nothing and accept inequality in life, and make no mitigations to prevent it
You have listed a lot of things that you think won't work. What do you think _will_ work, that allows people agency and doesn't require acting as their perpetual nanny?
Being wealthier allows you to spend more time, money and effort on health (though with diminishing returns). You can spend more time and effort learning
Being healthier, allows you do physically work more both short and long term. There are also cognitive benefits from healthy activities like exercise.
Being born with a high IQ and raised well, lets you potentially make better health choices and being smarter allows greater access to financially beneficial activities.
They are interlinked.
I also don't understand how self-reported health can be objectively valid for a study like this.
E.g. if you believe you are healthy and never visit the doctor because you don't see a need to do so, but you have an undiscovered heart condition that causes your death a year after participating in the study.
It also seems like the headline is somewhat deceiving given that the study does not differentiate between mental and physical health. I don't assign the same weight to missing work because you are sick or injured to missing work because you feel depressed that day(I have admittedly had plenty of the latter at my old job).
"Income inequality is at the bottom of this," he says. "We need to target and attack [it] aggressively. Not only in this country, but worldwide." "
When I read this I think of Thomas Pikettys research. https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Capital_in_the_Twenty-First_...
This concentration of wealth haven't happened over a night. I don't think the income difference is the only problem but also the accumulation of capital. The article seem to forget the difference between income versus spending in addition to start capital.
How is the health of people with a lot of capital and a low income and high spending? Or is it not possible to have low income with a lot of capital?
The rethinking of the taxation system, I do think Ramez has a point as income has higher taxation compared to capital. The amount of capital matters more than the amount of income.
Into the trash it goes.
For the overwhelming majority of heavy hitting chronic diseases (Diabetes T2, Obesity, Heart Attacks, even likely cancer). They are completely preventable though diet and other lifestyle changes.
Good food, grass fed meat, fish and fresh vegetables aren't that expensive people could afford it if they thought it was an actual priority. For those suffering from weight problems (In the UK the obesity rate is 27%! [1] Not even the overweight) I'd recommend for them to cut down on their frequency of meals and ensure that the one or two meals they have are healthy (Very low fructose, nutrient dense, keeps insulin low e.t.c.)
It's the same with exercising, a gym membership isn't that much money cheap gyms exist. But you don't even need any money to do some simple body weight exercises, depending on what you do and your fitness level it can literally take 10 minutes.
So it's not a lack of time or money for anyone but the absolute poorest, people just don't seem to care that much. I really don't know why ?
[1] https://files.digital.nhs.uk/publication/0/0/obes-phys-acti-...
I would hazard a guess that neither you, nor anyone you know, is a single parent working multiple minimum-wage jobs to provide for a couple of kids living in rented space, with poor transportation available, no easy access to things like laundry facilities, living in a food desert, with no high socio-economic status people in their personal network.
In short, your privileged experience doesn't even come close to what the bottom 20%-40% of Americans live.
Does this mean that some of those Americans are to blame due to living such an unhealthy lifestyle?
Nutrition science is very complicated with very strong biases and conflicting results. It makes it difficult to actually know what to eat, the media doesn't help by regurgitating every single crappy study that has a catchy or provocative conclusion. (The rubbish getting published and the peer review process is another can of worms)
There are many companies with a vested financial interest in selling appealing but unhealthy food. People are effected by advertising and what is easy, that isn't their fault.
Exercises for staying reasonably healthy doesn't really get taught. Things could certainly be made easier, for the average person.
Here is a good example. I'm not poor. $30 on a meal means very little to me.
I'm not aware of many low calorie, healthy, quick food options, even if price isn't an issue.
I think that's the problem. You can get $0.99 cheeseburgers + fries + milkshakes quickly, but you can't get a $9.99 salad quickly. I know fast food chains sell salads but... I feel like that's a guaranteed way to not get the full nutrition of what a salad is really supposed to offer.
What are your thoughts?