After comparing prices around the world, I realised that the cheapest option would be to fly to Taiwan for ~500 USD and have the surgery done without insurance for ~300 USD. The total is less than what it would cost with insurance in other countries.
There's a recurring meme saying "Don't call an ambulance, get an Uber to take me to hospital instead". Tangentially related, there's plenty of discussion here on HN that led me to conclude that it's best to never talk to police, even if something bad happens.
I have the greatest respect for firefighters, because they seem to be the only emergency service that aren't yet horrifically corrupt.