So I’m confused about the results. Is the engine faster because of rust or because of improvements to the algorithm?
I'm sure the more modern languages also help though, but I don't think that using a modern language is the major reason for the speedup.
It's a regular working process.. use a language that let you write ideas down and test them quick. Later reimplement them in assembly. I mean C.
It's true that some compilers disable optimizations on certain undefined behavior to prevent unintuitive behavior (https://blog.regehr.org/archives/140) but that's unlikely to happen for data races or memory safety.