I factory reset my phone yesterday and during the setup process Google asked me to enable location & web tracking. There was a thick, blue button that said "Turn On" at the bottom. But until I scrolled the arbitrarily extended page all the way to the bottom, the option to keep it off (with no button background, just text) didn't appear.

That should be straight up illegal, hands down. When we are talking about user privacy these details matter and should be regulated. We don't need to regulate presentation elements but we need to regulate equivalency of options and what some defaults should be.