Raspberry Pi 4
raspberrypi.org
raspberrypi.org
USB 3.0! Gigabit Ethernet! WiFi 802.11ac, BT 5.0, 4GB RAM! 4K! $55 at most?!
What the!? How the??! I know I'm not maintaining decorum at Hacker News, but I am SO mighty, MIGHTY excited!
I'm setting up a VPN to hook this (when I get it) to my VPS and then do a LOT of fun stuff back and forth, remotely, and with the other RPI at my folks.
It sets up systemd and iptables and generates all certs and keys and wraps them up into tidy, per-client .ovpn files
Could you provide some details? The USB-adapted ethernet & lack of wifi sounds limiting for a NAS.
The existing rpi lines are seriously IO bandwidth constrained in every manner. The USB3 on the 4 hopefully fixes some of this. Bottom line, unless you don't mind your photo's taking minutes to copy, your going to be much better off with pretty much anything else besides a rpi3 as a file server.
Using the Pi as a file server can be a bit flaky. The ethernet controller was an USB one, and was neither really stable or took load very well. The new PHY on a dedicated link is probably the single biggest improvement with this new revision.
The HEVC is a bit unexpected considering the high license fees and general uncertainties. Let's hope the documentation can be released as well.
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/configuration/conf...
So unsure at this stage, but that may well be the case for any license fees regarding HVEC. Heck, if they have absorbed those costs into the base price - I'd be utterly amazed.
I just setup my RockPro64 with 4GB, also PCIex4, have an SSD, going to setup a raid at somepoint when I get it all figured out. The board was a bit more expensive than the pi4, but I am interested in playing around with it.
But it looks like its back ordered for awhile
Hmm... that explains a problem I had with a pi of mine. Every time the 10/100 switch it was connected to rebooted, the pi would lose its ethernet link until rebooted. Never had this with other machines on the same switch.
Does it have PoE? Having to deal with one less cable would be nice.
Especially given that the latest spec, IEEE 802.3bt from September 2018, now allows for up to 100W per port:
https://www.raspberrypi.org/blog/introducing-power-over-ethe...
IMHO, if one is going to do one of these types of embedded systems, then PoE should really be part of the design process from the beginning.
They're using the Ethernet on the BCM2711, and Broadcom has sadly deemed PoE not needed I guess.
The PoE HAT had a bunch of issues:
* https://www.theregister.co.uk/2018/09/11/raspberry_pi_poe_ha...
They released a new version quite a while ago.
I agree that it would be nice if PoE was built in, but there are better ways to say that than what you said.
Also, the HAT has a transformer (and I assume if they included it, they know what they are doing), which seems like it would be too much for every single Pi to include one.
It doesn't draw anywhere near that. 15W max (for accessories), and 7W in heavy use (without anything other than the board itself).
Why plug in two cables (USB-C (power) and Ethernet (comms)) when you can just plug in one?
- New SoC puts out more heat. Active cooling more important now.
- Video playback at 4K requires H.265
- Micro-HDMI cables now needed.
- Draws more power.
Other than that, looks like a major performance boost.
Not really a con IMO, I haven't seen anything on a 4k bluray encoded in h.264, everything seems to be 265. The microHDMI is kind of a bummer though.
I actually wonder if the A72 CPUs onboard are fast enough to do software h.264 4k decode. They might be.
Pretty much everything works on the existing rpi. Heck you can run Windows IoT on it. It has a UEFI firmware (edk2) port which mostly complete, and pretty much every distro and 3rd party OS supports it. And the hardware itself is mostly open at this point.
If you're doing stuff that needs the Jetson, it's great, but the Pi is definitely better supported.
A57 and A72 are very close in performance, as the A72 is an evolution of the A57. ARM's numbers have the A72 around 20-30% faster than the A57. The main advantage of the A72 was it fixed the horrific power problems the A57 had so in a phone usage you could actually use the CPU for longer than 10 seconds. But in raw performance it wasn't that much of a jump. A53 to A72 is around 2-3x as fast, though. A53 was the power efficient one. A57 was the performance one.
Both the Jetson Nano & Pi4 are clocked at around 1.5ghz, so the Pi4 should still eek out a bit of a CPU performance gap over the Nano. But if you're purely comparing factory vs. factory then the Nano would probably win over longer stretches as the Pi4's lack of heatsink results in it throttling down to around 1ghz after a few minutes. The Nano looks like it has a beefy enough heatsink to keep the A57's churning for a lot longer at their 1.43ghz spec.
Then you should also compare the Chrombooks with second hand large format laptops, old servers on sale with new ones and so on.
Chromebooks 'on sale' are an entirely different class of product than raspberry pi's, they are larger, need wall power, have built in batteries and screens, are in general still more expensive and do not have GPIO.
RPis pretty much never go on sale.
(I speak as someone who sucks at programming and doesn't spend a 1/100th of the time learning the latest as I used too as a teen. So having the community around to help with my latest project that I need something more than a microcontroller for, is immensely worthwhile. Obviously those who don't need these types of spillovers would probably be better served with other hardware.)
I mentioned it above, but just to reiterate- there are lots of great hardware boards out there and many beat the Pi (though the 4 makes up the different finally). However, they ALL have terrible software support: old OS's, bad drivers, out of date or incomplete documentation.
The Pi community makes it worth it to stay there.
The big shortcoming of the other Raspberry Pis I have is power. Plug anything into it and you risk undervoltage problems (even with the official supply)
[ 49.910905] Under-voltage detected! (0x00050000)
[ 76.949928] Voltage normalised (0x00000000)
[ 436.806032] rpi_firmware_get_throttled: 1 callbacks suppressed
[ 436.806038] Voltage normalised (0x00000000)
[ 438.886093] rpi_firmware_get_throttled: 2 callbacks suppressed
[ 438.886100] Under-voltage detected! (0x00050000)
[ 445.126338] Voltage normalised (0x00000000)
Would be nice to build a NAS with as few cables as possible.
For example, recently I plugged in a USB stick and a webcam and couldn't boot. So I would boot, then then plug in the webcam ... carefully. And there were still 2 usb ports free.
I have had gigabit internet for a few years now, and every day on average, I torrent a Blu-Ray image onto my main computer. However, subsequently moving the Blu-Ray to my Raspberry Pi 3 media center is always slow on two counts: 1) ethernet from the router to the Pi was limited to 10/100 speeds, and 2) the Pi could push large files to an attached hard drive only over a USB 2.0 port. Consequently, on a Raspberry Pi 1–3 it takes an hour just to move a high-definition file around one’s home network! On a Pi 4, it looks like one can just put the torrent client directly on the media center.
I can't trust my main computer to be stable for that long, and certainly wouldn't want to rely on it for long-range contact.
The “more powerful computer” is a laptop, and it is only being used for torrenting the films because it has gigabit ethernet. I don’t want to have to leave it on all the time, and sometimes it is still packed in its case when I want to sit down and watch a film. Storing the films on a hard drive attached to the Pi is a lot more convenient.
It does suffice on average, but the bitrate changes a lot within the same file.
Even 4k doesn't seem to push past 50 Mbps, but I think that's because h.265/HEVC is more efficient for the same observed quality/CRF.
Blu-rays use H.264 High Level 4.1. That has a maximum bitrate (for a single buffer) of 50 Mbps. The average bitrate for an entire disc is usually closer to 25-30. Even the most extreme cases, like the mastered-in-4K Lawrence of Arabia, have peaks at about 48 Mbps, and average bitrates of about 42 Mbps.
If you're having issues streaming Blurays on a 100 Mbps network, the speed of the network is not your problem!
Also, Ethernet does simply stops working way before 100% of the bandwidth is used.
I don't know why you expect things to run smoothly at 50% utilization.
Well, it COULD be the problem if you're not actually getting the 100 Mbps. I've diagnosed WiFi that should have a lot more headroom than 100 Mbps but still stutters on mid-bitrate 1080p. Signal degradation
The model 3B+ already had this though.
Just read theverge review on how the Pi struggles to play a video full screen, even if resolution is 480p. How are then people using it as a media center?
Mind, this is specifically running under Kodi, which is optimized as a media center, and is NOT running also a full desktop environment. Attmepting to do the same in, say, the stripped down Chromium browser was an exercise in frustration. That's always been a major limitation of the 3D acceleration in the Pi, as the libraries took a long while to mature and were always a bit hacky.
The announcement for proper OpenGL support and compositing in the desktop environment is huge for me. It seems like it'll finally push the Pi up into "workshop computer" territory that, while underpowered, should be just capable enough to run some of my always on operations and act as a lightweight CAD station for small parts. I ordered one as soon as I woke up and saw the announcement, and we'll see how well that works in practice.
Are you sure the writer didn't use the board the wrong way? Some people still believe that videos should be streamed after being transcoded because that is the only way to watch them on their ridiculously limited smart TV which lacks the necessary codecs to watch them the right way. Of course doing this over WiFi would make the problem even worse. To optimize network usage, videos should be kept encoded until they reach the player so that the network won't be clogged. If you use the PI to read the movie as a file over a shared SMB or NFS directory, the network usage is so low that you could watch like 20 different movies on 20 different players on the same home network at the same time. Probably even more.
The PI 3 (and to some extent probably the PI4 too) is still behind many other boards in other contexts (openness, performance, price) but playing video is surely not one of them.
I'm not sure that transcoding has anything to do with it, unless the transcoding was happening on the Pi itself (which would indeed be dumb). Most of the time people are transcoding things it's x264 -> x264 with Plex, just with a much lower bitrate (and probably 720p) because (as you say) their player's platform can't handle it and no one cares about video quality these days.
Tom’s Hardware’s review notes that the hardware is able to handle many everyday tasks such as web browsing with up to 15 Chromium tabs, light image editing using GIMP, and document and spreadsheet work using LibreOffice. Unsurprisingly, the sub-$100 miniature PC has its limits. It reportedly struggles with full screen video playback from YouTube for example, even if you turn down the resolution to 480p.
Tom's Hardware were using a pre-release OS so it's possible the issues with video playback were caused by this?
It’s important to note that, at launch time, some important Raspberry Pi software doesn’t yet work on the Pi 4. To run Pi 4, you’ll need to download a brand new build of the Raspbian OS, Raspbian Buster. And not everything runs in Buster yet. During testing, we found numerous Python libraries or other required packages that weren’t compatible with the new OS.
My biggest problems involved video playback. If I wanted to watch a YouTube video, I had to keep it in a window, because even in 480p resolution, it was jerky at full screen. The other task I’d like to perform is playing retro games, but as of this writing, the Retropie package of emulators doesn’t work with Pi 4.
During extensive hands-on testing, I found that, while the 4K at 30 Hz is tolerable, little things like the movement of the mouse pointer are a bit sluggish. If you have a 4K screen, you’re definitely better off going for the 60 Hz mode, but note that the added voltage may also cause your CPU to get hot and throttle more easily.
While surfing the web, looking at still images and just enjoying all the extra screen real estate of 4K is great, video playback is the Raspberry Pi 4’s Achille’s heel, at least as of this writing. Whether we were attempting to stream a 4K video or use a downloaded file, we never got a smooth, workable 4K experience, either in Raspbian Buster or LibreElec, an OS that runs the Kodi media player. Several H.264 encoded videos, including Tears of Steel, did not play at all or showed as a jumble of colours. Even the sample jelly fish videos that the folks at Kodi recommended for my testing appeared as still pictures with no movement. Clearly, there’s a lot of optimization that still needs to be done both on the OS and software side to make the Raspberry Pi 4 capable of playing 4K video.
Unfortunately, even streaming 1080p YouTube videos is a challenge at this point. Running at 1080p resolution, full screen video trailer for Stranger Things showed obvious jerkiness. However, the playback was smooth when I watched the same clip in a smaller window. The same problem occurred, even when I dropped the stream’s resolution down to 480p.
Playing offline 1080p videos works well, provided your screen is at 1920 x 1080 or lower resolution. A downloaded trailer of Avenger’s Endgame was perfectly smooth when I watched it using the VLC player.
[1] https://www.theverge.com/circuitbreaker/2019/6/24/18715211/r...
[2] https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/raspberry-pi-4-b,6193.h...
tl;dr they "built a gaming pc" with a "wireless anti static bracelet", RAM installed in single channel, backwards PSU, terrible parts choices... don't trust the verge.
they write "It reportedly struggles with full screen video playback from YouTube for example, even if you turn down the resolution to 480p."
I was surprised by this review too. Not sure where they get that from
Ugh.
The board is a bit more expensive, but you can probably get it faster than the pi4 at the moment.
The Dietpi community seems to be pretty great, any issues I ran into were answered pretty quickly
I put together a NAS/Plex box with a Kaby Lake Celeron and some hard drives, but I was thinking of splitting it out into separate NFS and Plex servers.
My understanding is that the RockPro64 has pcie slots on it, which allows Sata boards so you can connect drives directly without usb. Personally, I'm more interested in the odroid-h2, with the native Sata. Unfortunately, it costs far more ($111 without ram) and has no wireless connectivity built in.
Keep in mind that you are in a very small world there... most people alive today will never have internet that fast, personally i've never had a connection above 6 Mbits in the middle of a city, and I know that's likely above the median globally (keep in mind average is a poor metric due to connections like yours, SDL is still the primary type of endpoint for homes)
My point being, the previous generations USB based ethernet still has massive headroom for the vast majority of peoples internet.
(The upgrades look great, just my attention span is not so great)
I use to run ZoneMinder on an old PC, but it was a bit flakey, way too crazy to set up for a home system; I had learned how to config and admin it over the last several years, but I was just plain tired of it. It's another great system for security cameras, but not really for a home, unless you have a ton of cameras that need monitoring, and don't mind the dedication of a beefy machine to the task.
MotionEye OS is more a distributed solution. It is possible to set it up so one install can monitor multiple cameras (in some manner - I haven't played with it), but I like it as a simple single IP camera turn-key solution. It basically can turn a Rasperry Pi into a cheap wireless IP camera that isn't locked down or tied to a proprietary ($) cloud system.
Using a RasPi Zero W and the cheapest camera you can find, you can build such a camera for under $50.00 USD off Amazon; probably cheaper if you shop around a bit more. The only cheaper option I've found (but it takes more to set it up properly) is the ESP32 camera modules that you can get.
It essentially blocks tracking and advertisements on all devices, not just my computers with ad block. Just need to keep the block lists up to date every couple weeks, but it's honestly great.
A few weeks ago I switched to Ad Guard Home. Has been rock solid since. The big dancehaus it doesn't support the exact same filter files.
What I meant is it doesn't seem to parse the same range of formats, so it rejected some of Pi Hole's filters as malformed.
After having various weird network issues and instability on a different OS with Pi-hole (updates often broke), I switched to DietPi, and now my PiHole and OS upgrades are extremely stable.
The DietPi installer/configuration for Pi-hole sets up all the networking for you in the install "wizard", took all the weird networking headaches out for me
Maybe it's a personality flaw, but I get plenty of satisfaction from just reading blog write-ups if things I could have done with my tech junk, without all the associated time invested.
It's much easier to vicariously enjoy projects like these, which is why I think drawer-dwelling is an inevitable destiny for most of these widgets.
That's also why I'm tring microcontrollers, it's back to low level, less shiny projects, but mentally saner.
http://www.ti.com/design-resources/embedded-development/hard...
Seems like the number of them has gone way up so if you don't want to waste time thinking about which one to try, here are some suggestions.
Cheap and minimal ($10): http://www.ti.com/tool/msp-exp430g2et
High spec for things like motor control ($34): http://www.ti.com/tool/LAUNCHXL-F28379D
The Adafruit Trinket M0 was what I needed for a recent project. It's $8 and tiny. The feather boards also look very neat, if you need BLE, the ability to stack peripherals, etc. They all integrate with Arduino so you can be up and running in a minute. (They also support Python running on the device, which is maybe even easier than Arduino.)
[0]: https://docs.rust-embedded.org/discovery/index.html
[1]: https://github.com/rust-embedded/embedded-hal
[2]: https://github.com/japaric/cortex-m-rtfm
[3]: Such as https://www.st.com/en/evaluation-tools/stm32f3discovery.html
I'm sure it's a 'flaw' that most of us have.
I also like getting grand plans for a (hardware) project, ordering the parts from Ali express, then losing interest before the parts have arrived, so they still end up in 'the drawer'.
My wife doesn't have a clever name, but instead of usually rolling her eyes at yet another unfinished project, she loves this particular drawer because it's perfectly (and neatly) organized, like the best of unused item drawers.
My wife refers to this as the raspberry pile.
One downside to the 4 is that it is moving from the low power to laptop realm in terms of power consumption which was my main interest in them. If top performance is what you care about, the Raspberry Pi is the wrong place to go looking for it.
These pi models are all tailor-made options. I think its a mistake to think in terms of "older models" when you consider the lower power requirement and higher physical stability of the rpi2 (doesn't overheat even without a fan, for example). The Zeros are less powerful but still belong in the range because of exactly that.
I've been - cross my fingers - lucky with MicroSD cards (usually Samsung, sometimes SanDisk), but having USB3 on the new model is quite the game-changer.
ETA: I do have rsync backing up my Pi setups, so losing a MicroSD would be merely annoying rather than catastrophic.
I've got:
* A Zero W hooked up to a PM2.5 to do air quality monitoring in the house. Just bought a couple more sensors for it (VOC, eCO2, etc), but haven't hooked them up yet.
* A 3B+ running the UniFi controller for my home network.
* One is running a custom Hue automation I built to shift the color temperature of the lights throughout the day.
* One is built into an internet connected dog treat dispenser I built as a gift.
* A rather dusty Pi is running CNCjs so I can have a decent interface to my cheap grbl CNC.
* And finally I have a Pi running OctoPrint for my 3D printer.
And that's just the ones currently running. I've got two more in progress. One to automate an exhaust fan based on inside and outside temperatures. Another is destined for the garage where it will replace the not-so-great MyQ "smart" functionality of the garage door opener.
To each their own I suppose, but I've been consuming RasPis like candy. $60 all-in gets you a fairly beefy platform with almost all the I/O you could require and a vast ecosystem of software and HATs. Honestly their only downside is that at some point I'll have to reconfigure my home network when I start exhausting my current internal /24 with 200 RasPis.
Ooooh do you have the code up somewhere for this? I would love to set it up at home :)
If you have Home Assistant, someone built code for that: https://community.home-assistant.io/t/circadian-light-with-p...
As for mine, it's a total hack job, but for what it's worth: https://gist.github.com/fpgaminer/7840a6f2fb2d3a3be83625d7ac...
I don't do the fancy minute by minute adjustments to the color temperature; just a couple fixed settings for time of day and based on when the sun sets. And I just have it adjust a scene, which I have my Hue switches configured to use when I turn the lights on.
There's no good way to have this system work with, for example, turning on the lights through Alexa/Siri/etc since they won't use the Circadian scene that's been setup. But what I've got works well enough for now.
https://github.com/beaugunderson/sleep-lights/blob/master/sl...
What's the unifi controller?
The RasPi itself is so cheap I think a lot of people cheap out on the power supply and such, which ends up giving them lots of problems.
Anyway, given the poor reviews I've seen on the Cloud Key regarding hardware failures, especially on the newer versions, I just went with a Pi. But yeah, if someone has a machine on their network already, that's a great option too. I just wish Ubiquiti would release an official Docker image.
EDIT: I'm not necessarily arguing that people use RasPis for UniFi controllers, or that you personally should. I just thought your comment was a good opportunity to discuss RasPi reliability, because I know a lot of people have trouble with that.
Long-term, my plan is to mod some flavor of computer PSU and get properly regulated 5V out of it.
Also, I'm one of those people who runs a UniFi controller on a Pi. I used Docker, it's been totally fine for my uses.
[1] "CO2Meter RAD-0301 Mini CO2 Monitor" on Amazon, $70
Do you have any resources on how to set up something like that?
What software are you running? I have been using Dietpi for almost all my projects. Plex comes native( as an option to install) and a bunch of other software.
You are posting here, so at least internet access you should have :)
EDIT: What about a magic mirror? https://forum.magicmirror.builders/
I also considered a magic mirror, but my problem with a magic mirror is that I don't have the tools necessary to build my own frame.
Normally you need a laptop or something hooked into it over USB to feed it your G code, or do manual control. But I didn't want my laptop in the shop getting dusty while the CNC runs, and I also didn't want to risk the cheap CNC failing and throwing a voltage spike into my laptop.
So I opted to use the RasPi. Also makes it nice to have a web interface, and you can add lots of stuff to it (e.g. camera).
(Sainsmart sells an offline controller attachment, which allows manual control with buttons and feeding gcode off an sd card. But the RasPi is only a little more money and you get the web interface, etc)
P.S. I should tack on the usual warning about hooking up a life threatening device like a CNC to the network. I use an SSH tunnel to keep mine secure, instead of exposing CNCjs directly.
Do you even need a RPI for this? Some of these seem overengineered.
Oh for sure. Normally I'd throw the Hue automation software on my home server, but it's busy with other stuff.
Other than that, for the other stuff I listed, I would have said the same a few years ago and opted for ESPs, Arduinos, STM32s, or some other "lightweight" solutions. But the Pi has gotten to this nice sweet spot now that they've got WiFi built-in and most of the rough edges are gone. They can do almost everything the other solutions can do, and for the things they can't you can buy HATs that fill in the gaps. So it's just nice to have one big, universal hammer that I can pull out for my crazy projects.
Most importantly, I don't like wasting time any more, and I'm willing to spend a couple tens of bucks on RasPis that might be overkill, rather than save X dollars making the best, slimmest, most engineered solution around the perfect STM32 chip.
We have neighbors that smoke, and sometimes based upon wind patterns it blows into our yard. Any idea if they have sensors that can pick up this sort of thing so I can close our windows?
I have some code to read from this, it's not too hard. PM me if you're interested in my code. (I can open source it.)
- Half the RAM but double the cores. I'm waiting for some benchmarks to see if the RPi4 is faster and by how much.
- Also Gigabit Ethernet and it works great. My downloads are always at 108-111MB/s for the whole transfer.
- Not USB 3.0 but has "oldschool" SATA through an internal USB-2-SATA adapter. It's at least more compact, otherwise the RPi4 with an external USB 3.0 drive will probably work even better.
- works with a normal 12V power supply, which could be lying around already, from older external drives.
Not to disrespect the RPi4, as I'll be getting one of them too very soon.
Even don't think about it - shitty support from vendor. They don't care about updates in general.
I say that as both a Gentoo and Kali ARM dev
Take a look here if your board is supported.
On a more personal note - thank you for your service.
You got any advice for pulling the aircrack_ng/rtl8812au driver from github and making it into a patch for building in-kernel? I really like having signed-module verification, but I also really want this driver.
Of couse, such SBCs have an expiry date (which is also official), but this applies to any vendor, not only to them.
Additionally, they're one of the most engaging companies when it comes to community - just check their forums and see for yourself.
While I think pretty much any programmer could reapply them, my guess is that in the long term, one needs to know how device drivers development works, in order to adapt to the kernel changes. But I'm not a kernel dev, so the maintenance could be easier.
Furthermore, SATA and Ethernet are connected to individual USB3 busses, as opposed to earlier RPi designs where everything shared the same USB2 bus.
I haven't checked the RPi 4 specs yet, but i can imagine it's still the same layout, just a faster bus, which can be "just fine" - it should be plenty fast to saturate a Gigabit ethernet as well as the SSD/HDD IO required to do that.
"Double the cores" is not a valid consideration - 4+ core configurations typically have 2/4 cores (the 5422 has 4) with a high-powered architecture, and the remainder with a low powered one.
Compare for example the XU4 with the N2 - the N2 is more powerful, and yet, it has less cores (4 hp. + 2 lp.) and requires no fan.
The RPi is an interesting configuration - they have 4 high-powered architecture cores (4x A72) only. It seems it doesn't require any fan.
Of course if one requires specific chipset/components, we're talking about specific use cases, which is another story.
Can we just start calling them servers again?
* Home Lab :: Running a partial/full enterprise IT stack for fun and education.
* Home Server :: Running primarily internal services like file storage, backups, media streaming, home automation, maybe some light networking.
* Home Cloud :: Running primarily external services on the public internet to replace 3rd party SaaS services. More often than not this is done with a VPS provider rather than physical hardware in your home.
So maybe you find the terminology annoying since everything is cloud these days but it's genuinely useful to us folks in the forums. You can also call "home cloud" selfhosting if you find it less jarring.
Also, it seems like Western Digital would be an ideal player in the space since they want to bring processing to data storage via RISC-V.
[0] https://rootprojects.org/hub/
[1] https://github.com/Kickball/awesome-selfhosted#file-sharing-...
Of course hardware hasn't been expensive for probably a decade or more. Today it is almost entirely a software problem. Or more precisely how to create independent quality software when many developers are employed by large corporations and no one wants to pay for development. I am not sure much is happening on that front.
If does go down then it's not cloud, no matter what hardware you're using.
In general, my rule of thumb is: what's the upper limit, the capacity or your wallet?
If the limit is the capacity, then it's HA.
If the limit is your wallet, then it's cloud.
Last I checked, Amazon had the fewest 9s of the three (going back a few years...)
If you pay enough money to run things on their computers all problems are solved. it is only when you self host that is the problem :)
Seperately, you’re not going to fool anyone by calling a server something else. (Not that “home cloud” is a bad term, but I think everyone realizes that still constitutes a server.)
If we had the logs I'd bet money that someone Googled "home cloud" to see if that would somehow get around hosting a server behind residential.
I'd also bet that even more people nodded "knowingly" while reading my sentence about blockchain.
Needless to say, I won't be reading that link.
Wordpress.com wouldn't have done that with your content. Just saying.
Medium, on the other hand, does. I mean, it's not much - I get a slice of the revenue from paying subscribers', based on how much they 'applaud' my piece - but it's higher than zero. Despite this, Medium also makes it available to read free of charge for non-members - up to, I believe, a somewhat miserly three articles a month, though you can bypass this if you really must by using a private browsing window to get another three, and another three, and another three, and another three...
I've got kids to feed and bills to pay. If you really don't want to click an X on the login prompt and read it all for free, I can give you my payment details and sell you a PDF copy...
- would you mind sharing how much you actually you expect in revenue from this article?
- Have you considered any other ways of monetizing it? Just an idea: if you had your own blog and registered on Brave as a content creator, you could be getting a few cents from me already.
Then how much you actually get is totally up in the air. If mine's the only piece Reader A applauds that month, I get 100% of the revenue (minus Medium's cut, of course - the house always wins); if Reader B has applauded 1,000 pieces this month, I get 0.1 percent of the revenue (as do the other 999 authors.)
It's a model which is inherently insular: of the traffic that has visited the piece so far, 90% is external (and thus earns me nothing other than name-recognition) and 10% is internal to Medium. Only a tiny, tiny fraction of that 10% has applauded, and I won't know what that translates to in terms of Cash Monies until Medium calculates it and tells me. I'd be much better off promoting it to existing Medium members - such as by joining a 'publication' on Medium - and ignoring external traffic sources, but I don't want to do that.
As a ballpark, though, the answer - long in coming - is "not much, but considerably more than I'd get on Brave." The Raspberry Pi 3 B+ benchmarking piece I wrote on Medium has earned about $277 lifetime; if this earns the same, I'll have done very well indeed.
Thankfully, I'm not relying on the Medium income: I've pieces in various websites and magazines based on the same core data, which pay one heck of a lot better!
I've even considered Brave. Hell, I've even tried Brave. According to my email archive, I signed up as a publisher in January 2018. Sadly, it's just not a sustainable model yet - which is why my piece is monetised by Medium, not Brave.
Sorry, it is really not my intention to pile on you. I am just really tired of the current state of affairs in regards to the publishing/authoring economy. I know it is easier said than done, but we need to have more content creators that are willing to take a principled stand and stay away from these actors and start creating exclusively on terms that are more ethical.
So, you won't support content creators who publish on a website which uses advertising.
You won't support content creators who publish on a website which allows non-members and free-tier members access to a limited number of articles a month and charges a fee, distributed to the content creators, for unlimited access.
You won't support content creators who publish in print, in magazines or newspapers.
I'm sensing a theme, here: you won't support content creators.
I would love to host my own website (actually, I host several) and write the same kind of content I do now, but how exactly am I going to feed the bills and pay my children? This is literally my job - I'm not just dashing out a quick blog post as I Segway to the London office of my cryptocurrency startup for a day of find-and-replace in the whitepaper. If I'm not getting paid for my words I'm not getting paid at all.
Brave is not the answer, I'm sorry to say. Something like Brave may be - I used to play around with Flattr, which was the same kind of micropayments model as Medium but applicable to any third-party web content, and doesn't have the ethical issue of blocking everybody's adverts but its own - but Brave ain't it, at least as it stands.
You don't want to support content creators, you want to support Brave. That's fine, but don't frame it as wanting to support content creators but only in one very specific and questionably-ethical way.
Otherwise, put your money where your mouth is: pop me a payment across, in the currency or cryptocurrency of your choosing, and I'll publish the same piece on my main website. No adverts, unless you count the cover shots of the books I've published (hey, there's another way you could support me - and if you're worried about ethics, some of them are available for free download under a Creative Commons licence!) down the side.
I am also contributing about ~10€/month on patreon for different software projects and writers. I've written to more than one youtube channel producers asking them to look into alternatives so that they could take my money. The Quilette model is also something that I do appreciate.
Believe me when I say that I am more than willing to support people that create content. And depending how much you are asking for me to send you, I'd gladly take on your offer.
* story time: I got a call from an Eyeo recruiter some months ago, who was looking for people in their ad-block/acceptable ads team. It turned into a most-of-the-time-friendly discussion about how acceptable ads does nothing about the tracking of the users, so I wouldn't be interested in joining their team and me asking him to call me back only if he had some position on flattr.
But what about the person who wants to write full time, but hasn't built the audience yet? How do they go from $5 a month to paying the bills? In my case, I didn't have to: by the time I switched careers I had enough regular clients to cover all my outgoings, albeit only just. Quit the day job, picked up some more clients, and here I am doing it full-time to this day.
If I were relying wholly on Patreon - or Brave, or Flattr, or even Medium - I couldn't have done that. Patreon isn't going to give me $300 on spec to write an article that might not do well; Medium won't front me a few grand against royalties so I can take time to write a book.
D'you know who will? The traditional publishers.
I appreciate you have a personal stance on this, but so do I - and mine comes not from the perspective of "I'd like to read this but it's on a website I don't like" but from the perspective of "if I don't get paid for this I'm literally homeless."
Actually, I have a Patreon account - https://www.patreon.com/ghalfacree - I signed up just before the new fee scheme came in to lock in the old rates, but never launched it (hence the zero backers.) Don't really have time to give it the love it would need to gain traction, either - again, we're back to the problem of not having the cash to go from zero Patrons to I-can-feed-my-children Patrons.
Yes, this means that I will actively find ways to accelerate the demise of these business. No matter how much I want to support content creators, it does not make me responsible in guaranteeing their job.
Would you accept to be requested documents when you enter the mall? Would you find normal to be stopped by a security guard that says “sir/madame, you’ve browsed enough stores for free without handing in your id card and personal data, please fill this form or leave” ?
I owe you nothing. If anything, you owe me. It’s my time that builds your audience, not the other way around.
Ordered a starter canakit with a couple extras, and looks like I won't see it until August. :-( ... I'll probably forget I ordered it by the time it comes.
T - Left Channel Audio
R - Right Channel Audio
R - Ground
S - Composite Video Out
[0] https://www.raspberrypi-spy.co.uk/2014/07/raspberry-pi-model...
Google "audio video jack".
Update: Oh, I just read the linked article, apparently these cables aren't as standardized as I thought. There are some links in the comments.
I have a raspberry with retroarch connected to an old CRT and an arcade stick. Old arcade games with a lot of dithering just don't look the same on an LCD.
(Some emulators now come with some decent CRT filters, but It's still not as good as a real CRT)
It also has much long range than HDMI (150 feet is cited compared with 50 feet for HDMI). You can also use boost extenders to transmit the feed over almost unlimited distances for little additional cost.
It is less useful at home, and more useful in industry, scientific, and experimental applications.
The SPI driver readme has a lot of details about its limitations and tradeoffs. https://github.com/juj/fbcp-ili9341
I'm very excited about these upgrades too (especially GigE), but as far as I can tell nothing on this news page specifies whether the Pi will also support HDR output as part of the 4K upgrade. That's most of the practical benefit of 4K - that 4K releases tend to come with HDR10 or DolbyVision support.
Anyone know if we can expect HDR output to work? If I knew it supported that I'd be purchasing one right now to upgrade my media center from my current Pi 3 setup.
Even the tech specs page says nothing about 10bit decoding, which is required for most real world 4K HEVC video.
> H.265 (4kp60 decode), H264 (1080p60 decode, 1080p30 encode)
https://www.raspberrypi.org/products/raspberry-pi-4-model-b/...
While I could have a slightly larger TV, I think that for typical domestic use 4K's improvement is marginal because people are not sitting 50cm from the screen and room sizes are limited.
Really, so far the top benefit has been that I could tell my wife: "Look, if I move right up to the screen I can still see Jeremy Clarkson's individual hair strands!"
If so, you're right; that's pretty small. Is it just a matter of acclimation?
Also, can you clarify what you mean that you're lucky to have a house? I wasn't aware of a major homeless problem in Europe.
Have a random right move link of what I think as typical Victorian worker's terrace: https://www.rightmove.co.uk/property-for-sale/property-62228...
The door by the yellow chair is a tiny porch with front door beyond. No idea how it compares with OP's.
Homes in the UK can be expensive, so there's a large rental market.
On top of that many people are vulnerably housed - living in emergency temporary accommodation (which may be for many months) or on friend's sofas.
The introduction of the benefit "Universal Credit" has increased homelessness and people who are vulnerably housed. In the UK a landlord can apply for eviction if the tenant hasn't paid for two months. (This is for shorthold tenancy agreements where tenants have most rights - other tenancies have less protection.) There is a minimum wait of 5 weeks before Universal Credit claimants get paid, which pushes some people very close to this limit. The bizarre sanctions regime tips many people over that limit.
Detailed information can be found here:https://www.crisis.org.uk/media/238700/homelessness_monitor_...
How do you cope in a car?
But joking aside, I'm surrounded by glass on all sides in a car. That makes a great deal of difference. I probably wouldn't feel confined in a room that size if I had an entire wall of glass.
I've got a variety of content that is, technically, a video stream that decodes into a framebuffer that is a "4K" framebuffer according to the metadata on the video, but without enough bits for it to truly be "4K"; the same number of bits dedicated to a 1080P video would look just as good.
For all the bragging about how streaming is the future, it seems to me that the companies providing those streams at scale still have a lot of incentive to cut the bitrate back so far that it's not practically a 4K stream anymore, because 95%+ of their audience can't really tell.
I find that when my own vision is slightly blurred, add in even more slight blurring on the screen and they compound each other. On the other hand if the source image is pin sharp, it makes it easier to cope with the flaws in my own vision.
I'm sure higher resolution is nice, but nowadays I'm more interested in HDR and larger colour gamuts (Rec.2020).
I don't doubt 4K and 8K look "better", but IMHO we're approaching the point of diminishing returns, and visual enhancements in other areas are worth exploring (even for 1080p).
And they'll remove the optic nerve connector in favour of Bluetooth that will allow them to be 0.1mm thinner, and be wireless!
Ps did you miss iBalls on purpose?
The current gen are about the size of a quarter and are bluetooth capable, so he can sync to his devices, watch movies, etc with these little guys tucked behind some hair.
It got me thinking, I wonder if audio guys have started to look at some of this sort of thing to really "hear" music perfectly. Very interesting tech.
If hearing is down to tiny hairs in your ear resonating with the audio frequency, I would have thought being hard of hearing was down to those hairs not being able to function properly. How does bone conductance audio get around that? Does it use a different sense?
My eyesight is also going, I have to rub my eyeball on the phone screen like one of those anti-deorderant balls, I daresay my hearing will be next.
homo cyberia
(That's probably nonsensical latin, if anyone with a modicum of latin knowledge wants to go all Life of Brian on it, please feel free. What is latin for augmented human?)
I guess maybe if you added a heatsink and/or fan? I'd be a bit concerned about component life, taxing it that hard.
Oh yeah, and I wanna see how this thing overclocks.
You people are never happy, aren't you? You're still getting more stuff for basically the same price...
[edit] looking at the benchmarks it's a modest boost. Now about twice the FPS of a PI-2 for Quake3 at equal resolution. Be interesting to see if something with more complex shaders changes the relative performance.
[drm] Initialized v3d 1.0.0 20180419 for fec00000.v3d on minor 0
So this is vc5/6, not vc4. Additionally:
Vendor: Broadcom (0x14e4)
Device: V3D 4.2 (0xffffffff)Edit: I found this thing someone on the RaspPi forums put together! https://cdn.shopify.com/s/files/1/1560/1473/files/Inside_Ras...
> The Pi 4 has seen an upgrade to VideoCore VI.
> The H.265 / HEVC decoder is a HEVCv2 Main 4:4:4 10 design supporting bitstreams up to profile 5.1
Sounds promising! (The documentation on the website should certainly be fixed if this is correct.) Now assuming Rec. 2100 is properly supported to allow connecting to HDR capable displays over HDMI 2.0, we should be good!
As hopeful as I am, that's quite a big assumption...
(But it also wasn't capable of 4k60, so maybe there are some modifications there.)
May I ask whether RPI supports things such as 10 bit video decoding, Dolby Vision and Atmos? Thx.
Now does it make sense to have your video decoder support 10 bit when your compositor can't handle that format? I guess you could argue that 10 bit source material will still improve the quality even if you downsample it to 8 bit for display, and I think for example DVB-T2 has standardized on 10 bit so if you can't decode that, that's a large chunk of market gone.
Ultimately, from the little we know, the compositor hardware is the same as the old Rpi, and that couldn't do 4k60 and it can't do 10 bit depths. The Raspbian image currently doesn't use the Linux kernel implementation for driving the compositor (it uses the fkms or "firmware kernel mode setting") so there might well have been hardware tweaks.
(Ok, instead of making this comment thread any longer, I simply asked and the compositor hardware in the RPi indeed has HDR support:
https://github.com/raspberrypi/linux/issues/3020#issuecommen...
Tweaked from the old HVS in the old RPis.)
For HDR videos, I still play them via my Windows box. I think the current MacOS supports HDR too (and if not, it will get support soon as they have that crazy new $6k HDR screen).
"The 4B hardware is HDR capable, but software support has a dependency on the new Linux kernel frameworks merged by Intel developers (with help from Team LibreELEC/Kodi) in Linux 5.2 and a kernel bump will be needed to use them. Once the initial excitement and activity from the 4B launch calms down, serious work on HDR and transitioning Raspberry Pi over to the new GBM/V4L2 video pipeline can start."
Full article: https://libreelec.tv/2019/06/libreelec-9-2-alpha1-rpi4b/
Looks like the Pi 4 will be vulnerable to Spectre. That's unfortunate, since it seems like this is quite an upgrade otherwise.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spectre_(security_vulnerabilit...
> ARM has reported that the majority of their processors are not vulnerable, and published a list of the specific processors that are affected by the Spectre vulnerability: Cortex-R7, Cortex-R8, Cortex-A8, Cortex-A9, Cortex-A15, Cortex-A17, Cortex-A57, Cortex-A72, Cortex-A73 and ARM Cortex-A75 cores.
Although, I do think this is an important issue to address.
So, "most not vulnerable", then they proceed to list almost their entire lineup as vulnerable.
These PR guys sure are stretching it.
Just recently got into audio processing, and I'm finding this stuff really interesting.
Here's a presentation by somebody who disagrees:
I tried teaking alsa and pulseaudio settings, no luck. Also installed jack but never got sound from it. Eight hours on the weekend wasted with nothing to show for it. Any ideas on how to fix this?
I had some difficulty with Jack, but Alsa worked great. The main thing is you can't run Alsa and Jack at the same time. Once I was no longer using Pulseaudio, a lot of my problems went away -- I think it's just a really slow interface.
I mostly worked off of http://www.tedfelix.com/linux/linux-midi.html
>Yes. VideoCore 3D is the only publicly documented 3D graphics core for ARM‑based SoCs, and we want to make Raspberry Pi more open over time, not less.
This stated intention and rpi.org's actions are simply not isomorphic. If they want to make Raspberry Pi more open, firstly, why do they publish only abridged (read: fake) schematics? [1]
Secondly, why was rpi.org caught adding DRM chips to their optional camera addon board? [2]
[1] https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry... Note the nonsensical, incomplete nature of these schematics, and the complete absence of details such as the USB3 ports, and most of the SoC's connections.
[2] https://hackaday.io/project/19480-raspberry-pi-camera-v21-re...
Secondly, nobody is forcing them to add DRM chips to anything. That's not something that can be written off on "a contractual obligation made me do it." They did it of their own will.
Pi: “Hello we wish to buy a $thing”
Vendor: “Certainly. We sell $thing for ten dollars per unit if it doesn’t have DRM, or five dollars per unit if it does.”
> You can plug any CSI camera into the Raspberry Pi. There's even a kernel driver for the CSI receiver, which we paid for ((link: https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9951525/) patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9951525/). What you can't do is clone the official v2 camera module and use the default ISP tuning, which we also paid for.
https://mobile.twitter.com/EbenUpton/status/1088440503622909...
Personally I have no problem at all with protecting the investments around add-ons like this module, if it means they continue to persue them.
Hah - sounds like the "boneless vs bone-in steak" sales model - take the bone out of the steak, and suddenly it costs more per pound than it does with the bone left in. Somehow, less costs more - and people sadly pay for it.
Their revenue stream is through the sale of their hardware, why do they need to allow people to make clones?
2) Maybe it's to do with the terms in which they get the camera module?
I don't know but I don't see them selling the camera as interoperable.
Your comment just seems to exemplify the phrase:
"No good deed goes unpunished"
They do something good but freeloaders just turn up and demand more.
If anything, it seems like they've judged that their large size and brand recognition is something that they can coast on to avoid having to offer what other SBC vendors do.
I'm not complaining about rpi existing, I'm pointing out that what they offer is in certain aspects inferior to the offerings of smaller SBC vendors, which is actually surprising, given that their large size should make them much better resourced to match or exceed the offerings of those vendors. This causes me to question whether these values are actually a priority at all, even if they claim so.
Anyone sufficiently cynical (not me) can read the accounts of both entities:
- https://beta.charitycommission.gov.uk/charity-details?regid=...
> This was another year of exceptional growth with Revenues at £25.5m (2016 - 16.3m) and Operating Profit of £9.7m (2016 - £8.9m)
[0] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonprofit_organization#Nonprof...
How does paying your employees suddenly make you for-profit?
Do you know the definition of "profit"?
RPi as a board is clearly simple enough that there would be clones if you could get components at competitive prices. The only conclusion is than that you either can't get the CPU, or you can't get it at a competitive price.
RPi use Broadcom chips, which you rarely find these on other hobbyist boards. The most likely cause, after what I heard from people in the industry, is that you usually either can't can't get Broadcom chips at all, at acceptable prices, or even documentation for them when you are only interested in the small quantities you'd need for introducing a new/clone hobbyist board. Not unless you've got some serious connections.
The only reason I would consider buying an Arduino (or similar) is for super-low-power applications.
Otherwise RPi would have been copied a long time ago at a lower price.
If this were software, this would be a discussion about open source, would you accuse people of forking an open source project of being freeloaders?
I hope you realize that by "they" you mean the hardware vendor and by "freeloaders" you mean the vendor's customers.
but that is demonstrably not true. The CSI interface and driver is opensource (https://patchwork.kernel.org/patch/9951525/), anyone can create a camera that piggybacks onto that port. Infact, there are a number of aftermarket cameras that do. Some have built in infrared, some are tiny.
What they are attempting to do is stop counterfeit "official" camera.
Also, all that money goes to either developing more board, or running educational outreach. So I think one can forgive them the urge to protect revenue. It's not like they are microsoft in the 90s, or oracle.
Every one of those afternarket cameras - the tiny ones, the big ones with replaceable lenses, the IR ones, the funny fisheye ones, all of them - works around this by using the same sensor as the official v1 camera and looking enough like it that the existing code will talk to it. This is precisely what the Raspberry Pi Foundation added the DRM chip to the v2 to stop people from doing. They can't do anything about the v1 clones, but they can stop anyone from doing the same with the better sensor in the v2 and they have.
(In theory the open source CSI driver is useful for non-camera hardware though - for example, there's one obscure third party board that uses this for HDMI capture. I think this may be the main intended purpose. It came too late to save the Kickstarter campaign a few years back promising such a board though.)
I'm not saying Raspberry Pis don't have a place, I just think a lot of things people seem to want them for would be better suited by just reusing old hardware, which has the nice side effects of meaning that hardware isn't wasted.
Please, never shorten or distort domain names... I went to rpi.org which turned out to be a spam trap.
Why do people tend to dismiss the openness of the RasperryPi with completely unrelated things? This is the classic case of Whataboutism[0].
Just because you can't replicate the entire product in your garage, it doesn't mean that it isn't quite open already.
to stop counterfeit boards. There are many _other_ cameras that you can use for the rpi, so its not like they are trying to block out competition. its to stop people making illegal clones and ripping people off. (cough I'm looking at you amazon)
see semi official explanation here: https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=149426
The people that make the raspberry pi are a not for profit, they use the money made to sponsor children learning to code. Its not like they hide their aims: https://static.raspberrypi.org/files/about/RaspberryPiFounda...
tl;dr:
its to stop people making knockoffs, taking money from a foundation who are trying to educate an entire generation.
Cursory examination of rpi firmware suggests that this DRM logic is implemented in start.elf, one of the proprietary blobs required to boot an rpi. This is, in itself, significant, since opening this blob would obviously make this restriction easy to circumvent. In other words, rpi have taken design decisions which essentially motivate them not to open up these boot blobs, but rather use them as a chokepoint of control over the platform, see also [1].
From this, we can infer that rpi.org will probably never get rid of these boot blobs (as opposed to simply not having found the time/resources to do something about them).
But that aside, "as a chokepoint of control over the platform"? What platform are you specifically talking about?
Look Rpi have a clear goal, to get kids coding. Everything, and I mean _everything_ they do is to further that goal. One part of that is to have a platform that is, safe, easy, expandable and _cheap_. A side effect of that is that its mostly open.
Now, is it as open as say fabbing your own RISC-V SoC? no. But then that would cost a boat load of cash, and it would then be cloned and resold by third parties. Thus, no money for education. (worse still, dangerous counterfeits might be bought by schools, cause injury leading to legal action.)
So, being pragmatic, and noting that the ecosystem is far more valuable to me, and almost everyone else, than the hardware, I will accept this behaviour.
It seems that people who care about technology open standards, open source, and open hardware need a clear understanding of Raspberry Pi requirements, and that they're actually getting hardware that is more closed than a typical PC.
(Related: Starting over a decade ago, some IBM ThinkPad models infamously whitelisted mini-PCIe cards, so that only a small set of particular cards could be used, which was very unusual for PC hardware based on open standards. One of the biggest practical reasons to put Coreboot on those ThinkPads is to get rid of the awful whitelisting, so that people could use whatever cards they wanted, including using WiFi cards supporting later standards and working without having to download closed firmware blobs.)
most PCs have BIOS, which is closed source, and difficult to get access to. yes there are opensource alternatives, but they are not entirely practical.
Most modern PCs have a TPM, EFI and a whole host of other bits that make opensource drivers exceedingly difficult. Then there is the graphics card, where if you want to actually have decent speed it means closed source drivers (I'm talking nVidia/ATI, intel doesn't really count as they are adding GPUs as a value add, not a core business.)
Harddrives have closed source and obfuscated software that actually does the writing/reading.
Then there is the out-of-band management that is shoehorned into a lot of Intel and AMD's kit.
so, to say that it is more closed than a PC, is either ignorance or hyperbole.
Also, you have to remember that yes, the PC was based around open standards, but not open source. You still had to pay to get certified, or even get access to the spec.
Considering that you can attach any hardware either in the form of a HAT, or via the CSI, I think the argument is flawed. Again, there is nothing stopping people using a clone, if they so wish. But all the rpi clones appear to be mediocre at best.
Also, define rpi clone - rpi did not invent the SBC genre. Many more open products precede it.
FYI, AMD graphics drivers are fully open now.
so raspberry pi, in an effort to be more open than say Dell/HP, where you had/have to pay to download drivers, bios and other updates, is _more_ malicious than say apple/google who are competing to create a closed garden with a remote lockout, where nothing is owned, only rented?
ya.
I really don't understand this viewpoint.
Look, I've used embedded 386s. I've seen the evolution of ARM SBC first hand. I've used gumstix, sheevas and custom rolled jobbies. You know what united them all? they were bloody expensive and difficult to use. Pis are a joy to use. Plus if you accidentally blow the board, you're not down £500
Adding a DRM so that people can't make knock off cameras, in exchange for a £10 full linux SBC that is _easy_ is a worthy exchange. Even if they weren't a charity. The fact that they are single-handedly dragging the pathetic excuse for IT education in the UK ("here is how to use Microsoft office") into something approaching usefulness is a massive massive bonus.
The ecosystem that raspberry pi supports, the OS, magazines, training, teaching, class room outreach and research can only be done with cold hard cash. That cash comes from Pi sales.
Don't get me started on DRM. Look I know you think that everything should be free, but that means I can't earn a living.
Teaching kids that copy/pasting someone's work, making a halfarsed cheap copy and selling it for loads of profit, with no support is a good moral choice, you might want to re-asses your world view.
Yes open source is good. Yes you should give back and contribute. But, to move forward, money has to be invested, and it has to come from something.
Yes, removing ownership from the people is exceptionally bad. The trend towards the "sharing" economy undermines workers rights to the point that we are entering digital feudalism. But that is another topic.
I don't understand the premise that not applying vendor lockin to a camera module would make SBCs unreasonably expensive. Competing SBCs are more open, many predate the rpi and despite the fact that they probably sell fewer units than the rpi (due to less brand exposure, not cloning), and thus possess lower economies of scale, I've never seen one which costs "£500".
>Don't get me started on DRM. Look I know you think that everything should be free, but that means I can't earn a living.
I think this is clearly untrue from the success of other, more open SBCs.
>Teaching kids that copy/pasting someone's work, making a halfarsed cheap copy and selling it for loads of profit, with no support is a good moral choice, you might want to re-asses your world view.
But I never claimed that kids should be taught that. What I do claim is that kids should not be taught that it's ethical or normal/acceptable to try and use malicious functionality to institute vendor lockin, creating an artificial monopoly in compatible peripherals, because it isn't.
Moreover, it appears this DRM has had a chilling effect on third-party cameras with novel functionality (i.e., not competing for the same applications as the official camera), according to a comment posted above: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20261787 So there's real evidence of harm done by this.
>Yes, removing ownership from the people is exceptionally bad. The trend towards the "sharing" economy undermines workers rights to the point that we are entering digital feudalism. But that is another topic.
It isn't another topic. There is a systemic trend of hardware vendors using firmware to advance and prioritise their own interests over those of the device owner, essentially using technological measures to undermine the first sale doctrine. Of course, this isn't illegal, though it ought to be.
> But I never claimed that kids should be taught that. What I do
> claim is that kids should not be taught that it's ethical or
> normal/acceptable to try and use malicious functionality to
> institute vendor lockin, creating an artificial monopoly in
> compatible peripherals, because it isn't.
The way I see it, a Raspberry Pi is more than the sum of its parts- while commercial companies care about the chips and the complexity a solution like a Pi can remove, I personally bought a Pi for my brother to learn on.
2006, gumstix with bluetooth was $180, but that was a very small system to dev for. embedded 386 in volumes of 1 were ~£380, CF flash(certified) £80-200. Software was extra, as was the debugging interface, which may or may not be a fancy serial port. Ethernet, RF, all extra. Wifi? naaa.
The arm board, I don't know how much they cost because they were custom made. So hundreds of thousands I suspect.
Then we have the tools that supported it, not exactly kid friendly.
The point is that for some unknown to us reason they deemed it a good idea to add DRM on a side-project they have. But that doesn't mean they can't make a new camera at some point.
Currently they are defending this practice, however. It logically follows that as long as they institute this policy of using DRM on the main product to prevent use of third party camera modules, the boot blobs will remain...
Btw the situation with the binary blob has been going for years and from what I've gathered in the past what's happening is that the foundation members signed an agreement to not reverse engineer anything on the SoC when they made the first Pi. Since then they offered a price for an open source gpu driver but didn't follow it up with more competions. So either Broadcomm shut them down or it paid off in internal pressure since Broadcomm paid and provided the mainline driver used in this version.
the fact that they decided to go with a 2015 inefficient one is kinda strange
Name one?
[0] https://www.hardkernel.com/shop/odroid-n2-with-4gbyte-ram/
Is there any improvement in this? It's pretty important as RPi usually boots off it.
"Support for these additional bootmodes will be added in the future via optional bootloader updates. The current schedule is to release PXE boot first, then USB boot."
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
Doubled, so I guess around 40 MB/s. Still a far cry from fastest SD cards that can both read and write over 250 MB/s. Hopefully RPi4+ will improve on this. :-)
<captainpickardfacepalm.gif>
I'm very happy for RPi4 SD improvements. Until now, RPi has had same lacking ~20 MB/s SD performance from the start. AFAIK, this is the first time ever there's been any hardware improvement in this regard.
I've had a microsdxc card with 90 MB/s reads and 80 MB/s writes since early 2014. Some current cards can read & write more than 250 MB/s, so there's still room for improvement.
As 95-99% of all RPis boot from (micro) SD and use it as primary storage, I'd say SD performance is a rather fundamental (often ignored) aspect of RPi performance.
Of course you can. My tongue was very much in cheek :)
...but still, it was announced today, savour the moment :P
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
"The Pi4B has a dedicated SD card socket which suports 1.8V, DDR50 mode (at a peak bandwidth of 50 Megabytes / sec). In addition, a legacy SDIO interface is available on the GPIO pins."
I was also looking on Canakit and it looks like the 4GB version is in pre-order to be delivered in mid July.
CPU: 1.5-GHz vs 1.4-GHz (same cores)
RAM: selectable 1, 2, 4GB (depending on which version) vs 1 GB
Video out: 2 micro hdmi out vs 1 Max resolution 4K @60hz vs 2560x1600
USB: 2x3.0,2x2.0 vs 4x2.0
Ethernet: Gigabit vs 330MB
Wireless: Bluetooth 5.0 vs 4.1
Charging: USB-C vs USB micro
Power requirement: 3A at 5V vs 2.5A at 5V
Size/weight: 43g vs 50g
Note: somewhat skeptical on power draw, as RPI3 would occasionally spike higher than 3A, but we will see how it handles “brown outs”.
Either way, pretty excited :)
Isn't it Cortex-A72 vs Cortex-A53 ?
https://www.netonnet.se/art/ljud-och-bild/kablar/hdmi-kablar...
So it's not rated for 4k, but it will support all the DRM stuff.
Or there were no cheap enough stacked port.
I used to lose the Micro to C adapters all the time, I lost the C to headphone for my OnePlus6T while travelling and was unable to find a replacement so no headphone use for me.
Also, I have about 12 Raspberry Pis, as many display devices, a dozen or so other HDMI devices such as consoles etc, and tens of normal sized HDMI cables lying around and they're all compatible.
If I remember correctly (and that's a big if), DisplayPort started royalty-free but then they introduced royalties. From my blurry memory: I checked once many years ago and it was free, but then I checked again a couple of years later and it wasn't exactly free any more. Did it change again? Or am I completely wrong from the start? If someone remembers the history better than I do...
More common in monitors perhaps, but I don't think I've ever seen a TV with a DP input. Since AFAIK the target market of the RPi is "plug it into a TV, plug a cheap USB keyboard and USB mouse, and you have a working computer", having HDMI output is a requirement.
Raspberry Pi 3B: 94Mb/s Raspberry Pi 3B+: 285Mb/s Raspberry Pi 4B: 930Mb/s
https://lowendbox.com/blog/host-your-own-dns-now-with-100-mo...
If you already have an available server there's no need to spin up a VM to host another OS instance just to run native software...
AES-NI won't be a requirement for ARM CPUs - Netgate sells first-party ARM-based pfSense appliances that have non-AES-NI hardware crypto acceleration that they've confirmed wouldn't be affected by the AES-NI requirement. Not sure how that applies to third-party ARM systems.
The SG-1100 is based on the v7 espresso.bin board. a 2G version of that is $99 by the time you have case, heat-sink, eMMC and power supply. We sell them for $159.
A 2G RPi 4 with case, heatsink, and power supply is $76.30. You have WiFi, but no second (or third0 Ethernet.
Also, someone has to pay the developers, right?
I've been running Pi-hole on Ubuntu on bare metal for a few months. ("server" in my basement)
https://medium.com/@glmdev/building-a-raspberry-pi-cluster-7...
https://epcced.github.io/wee_archlet/
https://www.raspberrypi.org/magpi/cluster-computer-raspberry...
Specifically, I'd like to find software that makes the cluster appear as a single memory address space and N identical CPUs/cores.
When I'm in that OS/VM/kernel, whatever you want to call it, I want to be able to experiment with running stuff like Elixir or Go and have the runtime handle the virtual memory and cache coherency stuff between the nodes. I don't want to deal with any manual memory management at all. I just want rules of thumb regarding rough latency between N nodes and M routers for whatever network topology it uses.
Icing on the cake would be if I could run something like IPFS (or another hash tree) and have data distribution handled under the hood and appear as a single directory structure.
The goal being to play around with stuff like neural nets and ray tracing without having to use any proprietary frameworks. It should just appear as say a 256 core computer with however many GB or ram and however many TB of hard drive space I give it.
https://godoc.org/github.com/cpmech/gosl/mpi
It provides MPI bindings in Go, but they really should have provided an MPI layer internally so that the Go metaphors of things like channels and goroutines "just work" with no special syntax.
I think this is where I'm getting stuck. So much cluster software provides interfaces to send/receive data and get the current thread's CPU id and total number of CPUs. But I'm not finding much info on doing this directly in the kernel or language runtime so that the client can be written in a topology-agnostic fashion.
Edit: there doesn't seem to be a Go-native MPI runtime (yet) https://groups.google.com/forum/#!topic/golang-nuts/t7Vjpfu0...
This is called "single system image". A couple of coworkers played with openMosix on our desktops several years ago, it was fun seeing bash processes moving on their own from one desktop to the other. But I haven't heard anything about that in a while, it seems single system image clusters have fallen out of fashion.
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
And a preliminary data sheet:
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
I needed to build a low power Nas with ZFS and the only board that could do the job (gigabit Ethernet, sata IO, powerful 64 bits processor, 4GB of ram) was the rockpro64. Sadly I discovered after receiving it that it can't run regular Linux distros out of the box. I had to download an image from some guy on GitHub. He seemed reasonably trustworthy since it was linked from the manufacturer's page but there's still a small chance that my Nas is part of some botnet now. It's something that can't happen with major manufacturer's like raspberry.
The RPi4 doesn't have sata.
An usb3-> sata adaptater is ok if the USB bus is reasonably fast. I care more about being able to update my board and trusting what runs on it than pure speed
I am planning on doing a NAS to, but decide to forgo the low power aspect and use an older PC hardware. But not too old, apparently, as FreeNAS requires 64-bit and 8+ GB of RAM, nowadays, for the ZFS, apparently.
[1] https://www.picocluster.com/collections/pico-3/products/pico...
We're gonna use them to deploy signage / dashboards all around the office.
PS: Though, if I ever get my hands on a decent arcade monitor this sort of thing would be wicked cool for a MAME cab.
From what I can see on the specs, yes it does.
The RPi was already exceptional for its price point, and this version seems to address the few problems it had (lack of Gigabit, USB speed and RAM capacity) and add onto it even more features. It almost seems too good to be true.
Can't wait!
I'm also waiting for a new rpi zero.
"Support for these additional bootmodes will be added in the future via optional bootloader updates. The current schedule is to release PXE boot first, then USB boot."
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
This is a stunning upgrade in my eyes. Going to evaluate how it would work as a dev desktop too. Just mount it behind a monitor. iHackintosh?
Have to look at that iOS thing. Would be interesting.
[1] https://k3s.io/
Pros:
+ USB 3: Very nice! Finally a pocket-sized, fast USB host.
+ Dual HDMI: Could be useful as a projector computer.
+ 1.5 GHz: Good, it might be fast enough for some real work.
+ Gigabit Ethernet: Excellent for those using it as a NAS.
+ USB-C for power: Not surprising, it's the standard now.
Cons:
- MicroHDMI: Incompatible with the 800x480 HDMI 3.5" screen [1]. Also different again to the MiniHDMI on the Pi Zero (will there be a new Pi Zero soon? Who knows.)
- Power consumption! They recommend a 15W power supply, which means I'm pretty sure this won't run on batteries.
[1] https://www.aliexpress.com/item/New-3-5-inch-800x480-IPS-LCD...
As for the screen you pointed to, isn't an adapter available?
If there are any other high-res small (<= 4") screens, please let me know - the highest DPI that I know is an iPhone 4S 960x640 3.5" screen with a Creotech adaptor.
https://hackaday.com/2019/04/08/give-your-raspberry-pi-sd-ca...
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
I'm getting on our (https://piaustralia.com.au/) internal Gigabit network:
RPi4B Ethernet: 912mbps RPi3B+ ethernet: 294mbps
That USB 3.0 controller makes all the difference.
With 4GB of RAM, you'd even be able to use ZFS.
- 1Gbit ethernet
- 1Gbit USB 3.0 port 1
- 1Gbit USB 3.0 Port 2
Total: 3Gbit of 4Gbit, having some margin to spare.
1 Gbit Ethernet over RGMII
4 Gbit PCIe Gen 2 shared by 2 USB 3.0 (so 1x 4 gbps max or 2 x 2 Gbps shared)
Total: 5 Gbits, no margin to spare
Only if both drives are saturated at the same time. But since the context here is a NAS usage, there's a max 1gbps upstream/downstream in the first place so you could comfortably do a 4 drive mirror NAS off of this and not have any bottlenecks on the USB 3.0 -> SATA side of things.
Does it use ECC memory? If not, you should not use ZFS. Without ECC memory, ZFS carries the nasty risk of writing good data with a bad checksum, leading to data loss which would not occur in other filesystems (those that do not try to correct errors on the fly like ZFS).
Only difference is that other filesystems may have better tools to rescue damaged filesystem after metadata is corrupted.
Edit: To add on to this, ZFS doesn't do parity-based repair at the checksum level. In the mentioned case (good data, bad checksum) no copy of the block will match the checksum and there will be no supposedly-good block to copy over.
> There's nothing special about ZFS that requires/encourages the use of ECC RAM more so than any other filesystem. If you use UFS, EXT, NTFS, btrfs, etc without ECC RAM, you are just as much at risk as if you used ZFS without ECC RAM. Actually, ZFS can mitigate this risk to some degree if you enable the unsupported ZFS_DEBUG_MODIFY flag (zfs_flags=0x10). This will checksum the data while at rest in memory, and verify it before writing to disk, thus reducing the window of vulnerability from a memory error.
[0] https://arstechnica.com/civis/viewtopic.php?p=26303271#p2630...
Ooooo, I hadn't heard about that one. I have one non-ECC box running ZFS where I might want to enable this. If the performance impact is negligible, it'd be worth trying.
Assuming a memory error somewhere:
On ZFS you'd be writing bad data with a bad checksum, which would be caught by ZFS later on.
On (most) other filesystems you'd be writing bad data and no checksum, and you'd be none the wiser until garbage comes back.
It's a myth that ZFS requires ECC memory; ZFS is safer when running with ECC, but without ECC it will still save your data in a lot of places where most other filesystems won't.
See https://www.reddit.com/r/zfs/comments/7ng231/does_a_zfs_mirr... for a bunch of links on this.
Though as you have the 3b+, then you have none of that dilemma and it will just boot, done it myself.
Whilst no SATA, the USB3 should be enough and the boost in memory alone, makes desktop replacement utterly viable.
But there are solutions out there with SATA and even PCIe slot(s), though support is a factor and with Raspberry, you have that support base that tips the balance. After all, having extra features with bugs compared to less extra features and solid support to deal with any bugs in a timely manner as well as a user base that can eyeball saturate an issue. Well, that's priceless as that will save you so much time, hassel and stress.
I know they are a Charity, but the pricing structure seems odd, would it be the case the 2GB and 4GB and making some money and 1GB being a loss leader?
I wonder how much is the actual BOM Cost for the $35 model.
And in terms of VideoCore, how does it compare to other commercial GPU like Adreno and Mali?
And I agree, 3 models seems like a lot.
At some point I think they really should consider offering an official case or something :-).
As a NAS, you probably would want ECC and a bunch of SATA ports (I'm using a Helios4 for this purpose). You can't use it as a router / pfSense without a second gigabit ethernet. As a media box, you'd want a SATA port and more display out options (and maybe beefier GPU).
But on the other hand, everyone including me has one. (I got one for flashing some SPI chips with Coreboot BIOS). Perhaps the versatility is the killer feature.
I will say, I suspect that for a media box, USB3 storage may be good enough.
That is a thirst of it. There is little it does massively better than other options, in fact for everything I can think of there are better options, but it is powerful to do most things well enough.
An other third is the cost. There are not many options with a similar price/utility ratio, particularly when you count support (see point three).
The thirst third is support: up-to-date Linux builds supporting the hardware (a common complaint with other devices is old and/or buggy drivers that are a faf to build), community size & momentum, commercial add-ons, ...
> As a media box, you'd want a SATA port
Not for a media display box, which is what my currently active pair are used for. Local media storage is on the network in a box hosting many drives and doing other jobs too, and other media is remote anyway. And if you are using something for storage you want multiple SATA ports (I can't be the only one paranoid enough to apply RAID1+ to anything intended to survive the month!).
The Pi3 (and 2 for that matter) does admirably as a Kodi box, though it struggles with x265 (720p is fine though it drops frames on some encodes, 1080p is sometimes surprisingly OK in the winter but causes the thermal throttle to kick in after a while when the ambient temperature is higher) so I'm quite interested in the fact that the 4 seems to support this in hardware - I'll be keeping an ear open for news that Kodi supports its hardware support for that codec (and if it handles the commonly used format options well not just the baseline).
> router / pfSense without a second gigabit ethernet
You can use an external device, but yeah that does wreck the nice small form factor somewhat, adds to the cost, and you have the hassle of finding a reliable well-supported one. Though the main complaints I've seen for using simple SoC systems like this as a router (and one of the reasons why I've not got around to trying it myself yet) is not that 100Mbps is a limitation for most home users (anecdote: have ~76mbit down, ~17Mbit up, I know few here with much better) but that they don't have the umpf to keep up with that level of traffic, especially in both directions, with any degree of extra processing (i.e. being a VPN endpoint for a chunk of that traffic).
Isn't that what their compute module is aimed at?
Now for me there is another very important one for things that stay connected 24 hours: refrigeration. There is a need at least for aluminum cases with holes for wifi.
Right now only Chinese make those, so it takes a long time to get those.
Is USB and network bandwidth still shared?
Better than one could've hoped!!
> The BCM2835-based chip in Raspberry Pi 1 to 3 provided just one native USB port and no Ethernet, so a USB hub on the board provided more USB ports and an Ethernet port. The 3B+ added a dedicated LAN chip, which gave it Gigabit Ethernet, but this was limited to USB2 speeds. The Pi 4 has dedicated Gigabit Ethernet, and because it's no longer throttled over USB, its networking speeds are much faster.
However, given that there are also two USB3 ports, couldn't I drive a total of four 4k displays ?
I don't know if USB3 can drive 4k @ 120hz, however ...
TL;DR: Prime CPU test; Pi4B: 60 seconds, Pi3B+, 80 seconds, Render test: Pi4B 27fps at 720p, Pi3B+ 16fps at 720p.
Zips of the test reports:
http://cdn.littlebird.com.au/rpi4/test-4-b.zip
http://cdn.littlebird.com.au/rpi4/test-pi-3-b-plus.zipOne reason this is important is that some of us in this thread are trying to work out what the video decoding and 4K HDMI capabilities are with this new hardware. In particular, the specs say the BCM2711 is supposed to be a VideoCore VI SoC, but your dmesg is showing that the vc4 driver blob is being used.
If you could add any information that would help that would be awesome!
The regular vc4 drivers are just an rpc to the code running on the GPU with start.elf. I wouldn't be surprised if the old drivers just worked.
I ordered a 4GB Pi4 which seems to have advantages, and I assume the availability of Arm64 images will sky rocket?
8 GB variant must be coming soon...
Preferably I'd like a version with 4 usb-c ports, 1 normal hdmi, and two normal usb ports. That way I could have it setup with just usb-c, but can still plugin legacy connectors when needed.
As an aside, they probably went with microHDMI as they're smaller (and hence cheaper in cost and area) on the board, and put less force with heavy connectors. Lastly, many android tablets have the microHDMI connector so they're easy to get hold of (first world anyway).
I'll likely buy one for home to replace my aging Pi-hole.
Does it mean no more shared bus and full bandwidth for ethernet and USB ?
> We’ve moved from USB micro-B to USB-C for our power connector. This supports an extra 500mA of current, ensuring we have a full 1.2A for downstream USB devices, even under heavy CPU load.
For each USB port ? Also, does it mean USB-C is soon to be ubiquitous ?
Does this mean the new Raspberry Pi is now susceptible to Spectre-type vulnerabilities?
(seriously the ram and video processing updates make me wonder if they were added in-part for Windows)
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/333973011_Raspberry...
Still I'm very glad to get rid of any and all USB except USB-C.
I could imagine being able to power the RasPi4 and communicate with it over Ethernet using just a USB-C cable if the Raspberry Pi 4 supports USB Ethernet 'gadget' mode, which I'm guessing it will if that USB-C port is fully USB OTG compatible.
(I'm new to all this, also unclear on the "dumb terminal interfacing" scenario... is that specific to using Kubernetes?)
I think GP means terminal access through SSH/MoSH
Other than that it's just a normal linux computer.
Mind, I've only done command line and text mode editors, if you want the full desktop and a ram hungry IDE it's going to hurt more.
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
[0] https://www.alternate.de/Apacer/AS350-120-GB-Solid-State-Dri...
Sometimes it's doable, sometimes not.
https://www.aliexpress.com/item/KingDian-Newest-item-Portabl...
and also have this:
https://www.aliexpress.com/item/KingSpec-External-SSD-hard-d...
These are cheap Chinese SSDs, so I'm not sure about their longevity. There are also similar Samsung SSDs for ~2x price.
Another alternative is to get a good industrial SD card.
[1]: https://github.com/rcarmo/azure-pipelines-multiarch-docker
I run Nginx -> Postgrest -> PostgreSQL on the R.Pi, and it has served me faithfully for more than a year. It is blazing fast ( _for my needs_ ) and I can quickly replicate and setup another R.Pi if needed in a jiffy. I can't wait to port my setup to the new ARM64 R.Pi4!
Hm. It seems you are right. The linked article says
> New Raspbian software
> To support Raspberry Pi 4, we are shipping a radically overhauled operating system, based on the forthcoming Debian 10 Buster release.
which is ambiguous, but https://medium.com/pi-top/raspberrypi4-f38f12633345 says
> One slightly unusual point to mention is that despite the 64-bit processor, the kernel that supports the entire operating system is currently only 32-bit, for now. Raspberry Pi have assured us that this will be updated in future once things have settled down after the launch.
I'll definitely get one though. Good specs.
But it is sort of refreshing not to have the early announcements and then wait for ages for the actual release. And to then either have further delays or find a half finished product that was rushed out to meet some promised deadline. Plus I like waking up to surprise rpi announcements!
Just means i can start planning my upgrade before ive even built the first version lol
I live in Norway and can recommend digikey or mouser for sensible price and shipping cost. Both suppliers are exceptionally professional, minimum order quantities of 1. https://www.digikey.com/ https://mouser.com/ I have experience with swissbit products, but not the sd cards.
Edit: A different trick is to run the bootloader on the sd card as usual, but the OS itself can be elsewhere, usb hdd, maybe network share.
It was easy to configure and sped up the Pi quite a bit. No reliability issues in about a year of use.
Boot from USB instructions are at https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry....
According to the response I've gotten so far, it will not support HDR or 10 bit. :-( However, the vast majority of SDR content is 8 bit. The few exceptions are mostly a few pirate groups who mostly encode anime.
Edit: this is apparently now in doubt.
I think I might go ahead and put in a preorder.
https://www.raspberrypi.org/documentation/hardware/raspberry...
[0] https://blog.mythic-beasts.com/2019/06/22/raspberry-pi-on-ra...
Def getting one. The rasps are miles ahead of the rest on support. So the upgraded hw on top of that makes it a front runner in my books
Velcro it to the back of a HD TV and it can sit anywhere.
NOTE: Take this with a grain of salt, though, can't be completely sure if this is correct.
https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/products/docs/io/uni...
- VideoCore VI graphics, supporting OpenGL ES 3.x - including 3.2? GFLOPS?
Does it support Android, Play Store etc?
thanks to this comment: https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=20261084
Not in a way supported by Google of course.
Cloud servers can be prepared in minutes, has decent performance, decent network, no upfront cost, can throw away or add at will and you don't have to take care of it physically. Also don't have to open up your local network.
-PiHole as a ad/tracking blocker -Plugging sensors to measure temp/humidity and control AC (on/off)
Still on my todo list: PiVPN to VPN into my home network
Was liking this but that’s a little ominous
Outstanding. Very pleased with this upgrade
If you have a RasPi and are facing an issue, a quick web search will almost certainly find you the solution.
With an unknown low quality board? You're on your own.
> Fortunately, 2711B0 has turned out to be production-ready, which has taken roughly 9–12 months out of the schedule.
> Fortunately, 2711B0 has turned out to be production-ready, which has taken roughly 9–12 months out of the schedule.
According to their article they finished after 2 revisions rather than the predicted 4-5.
However, if you needed massive amounts of data transfer + multithreaded IOT, this would do the job.
I will say, the more research I do, the less the Rasp Pi matters, SOC/SOM are comparable in prices.
I've got an sd card reader on my laptop, it isn't a bottleneck though.
(How often does this happen?)
The previous 3 versions were already wildly popular, but there were starting to show their age and to be significantly outperformed by Nvidia's Jetson Nano. But the Jetson Nano is significantly more expensive (starting at $99). This fixes several of the performance issues people had and keeps the price at the original $35.
Raspberry pi significantly lowered the barriers to entry for cost and complexity to own a useful Linux computer. The performance for price is really impressive to the point where it seems like the rpi 4 could be a decent daily driver for most people.
Is it made so that the board serves as a heatsink at the very least?
Uh, give it five minutes and there will be 13524 third party cases?
I somehow doubt a chip with a heatspreadder is meant to run cool, though. It looks like they're sacrificing performance here.
As for heatsinks, you've always "glued" them, I even have a few I have permanently epoxied on instead of the included adhesive.
EDIT: I'm wrong, wrong, wrong, so wrong. https://medium.com/@ghalfacree/benchmarking-the-raspberry-pi...
https://www.tomshardware.com/reviews/raspberry-pi-4-b,6193.h...
At the power usage if Raspi4, how big of a solar panel and battery do I need to have a always sentient computer out in the wild that can recognize and count things ?
No regular user needs more than this. Developers and hardcore gamers will be the only ones left on x86. Intel will be a shadow of themselves soon. They have did such a bad job at diversifying.
For browsing and basic everyday use sure, but in that space people have been switching to tablets for a while now. So this might help that trend but I don't think it makes that much of a difference.
Additionally, once you add in all the peripherals for a laptop, the cost is much higher than if you just bought a cheap netbook. 4GB of Ram Pi 4 is $55. $30 for a decent USB C power supply and cord, plus $50 for a display, $15 for keyboard, $15 for mouse, plus $15 for a decent SD card and/or hard drive... plus individual shipping and then you need a case.
I didn't realize how bad it was until I tried my wife's Best Buy special instead of my supped up dev machine.
The average low end device you get at Best Buy is barely usable. You at to at least go up to mid-range to have it not suck.
So it's far away from being a death knell for the consumer market.
These are words I've heard from arrogant techies for decades, yet they are continually surprised to find that people don't use the shit they condescendingly designed for them based on that premise.
The people not using the shit? They account for 58% of site visits. See: https://www.stonetemple.com/mobile-vs-desktop-usage-study/
It might be a better idea to develop those apps on one of these, instead of using Macbooks + the cloud.
No datasheet for the SoC either. Again.
There are vastly better SBCs out there.
Can you provide some examples please?
Always keen to try out any alternatives
https://www.friendlyarm.com/index.php?route=product/product&...
Has an eight-core 1.4GHz CPU, and is otherwise mostly comparable to the new Pi: 1G RAM, 1Gb ethernet. Has an SD card slot and no built-in storage.
But yeah, perhaps it's better to have a lot of small cores for a cluster.
http://infocenter.arm.com/help/index.jsp?topic=/com.arm.doc....
Edit: Ouch if this turns out to be true... https://www.raspberrypi.org/forums/viewtopic.php?t=243410
Edit 2: Ah, also RPi3B and 3B+ didn't have those extensions. Oh well.
Edit 3: Just tested my bog standard RPi3B+ running Raspbian. It could do "openssl speed -elapsed aes-256-cbc" 43 MB/s AES-256-CBC. Tried also with "-multi 4" and it resulted 144 MB/s using all 4 cores. So perhaps RPi4 will be fast enough with CPU only crypto... would still love to have HW assist.
Edit 4: RPi4 running 32-bit OS can do about 65 MB/s per core aes-256-cbc. 85 MB/s per core for aes-128-cbc. So by using two CPU cores for encryption (+ heatsink + fan :-)) 1 Gbps ethernet can be saturated.
I think it would be pretty tricky to get LUKS to use it, though. At least writing a kernel module, but most likely LUKS patch would be required. You'd probably have to choose between 3D acceleration and full disk encryption.
Looks like VideoCore VI is getting some compute shader support:
https://gitlab.freedesktop.org/anholt/mesa/tree/v3d-cs/src/g...
Hmm, anyone know if the VideoCore VI would be any good for crypto?
We'll see.
[0]: https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Broadcom...
So if you need to go through/process gigabytes of data on encrypted drive, having to do encryption in SW will slow you down massively, especially if you also need to process the retrieved data somehow.
In fact, being slow can be considered a feature in this scenario.
https://github.com/ThomasKaiser/sbc-bench/blob/master/Result...
See PineH64 for example.
Shipping from them used to be horrendously expensive, but I'm happy to notice that changed. Thank you.
The RPi has such a big community that I imagine performance and optimisation will quickly surpass other chips, eg. Rockchip RK3399 [1] (2xA72 and 4xA53) and will probably end up on par with an Amlogic S922x [2](4xA73 and 2xA53).
[1] http://rockchip.wikidot.com/rk3399 [2] https://www.cnx-software.com/2019/02/01/amlogic-s922x-benchm...
To get the full performance out of the RPi, you are going to need a beefy heatsink or it will thermal throttle very quickly.
Which ones would you recommend for this price?
Plus, the Pi 4 will have something approaching mainline kernel support and a large community of people working on it.
The RPi3 has in fact mainline support, but is not "fully compatible" (at least, in the x86 sense). I guess this will be the case for the RPi 4 also.
This is a shame, since any ARM board has essentially an expiry date. For this reason, my next board will be an x86 SBC (the "famous one"), however, it costs considerably more.