HarfBuzz is now available on Emacs master
lists.gnu.org
lists.gnu.org
Using HarfBuzz (that is a font shapping library), the dev don't have to worry about how the text is going to look in other languages, such arabic, chinese, etc. The library will take care of that.
HarfBuzz is the same text engine used by Firefox and XeLaTex.
Also it allows the user to use features such ligatures, font weight, emojis. Not sure if emacs will support those from the start.
> Ligature support, yes. Also colored emoji and other similar features.