https://www.rba.gov.au/publications/bulletin/2015/sep/7.html
And then once they are EOL, they are recycled. https://banknotes.rba.gov.au/production-and-distribution/rec...
They'll be even more rare in an un-circulated state.
Rare but otherwise correct coins or bills likewise carry a markup -- wheat pennies, buffalo nickels, etc.
Mistakes are usually scarce enough that their rarity is exceptional. Were currency errors commonplace, they would not be seen as valuable.
In 2007, the U.S. accidentally minted some Presidential dollars that lacked "In God we trust" [1] [2]. In good condition, one is worth a few hundred dollars.
[1] https://www.cbsnews.com/news/godless-dollar-coins-slip-throu...