Hawk guidance system tuned for close pursuit of erratically maneuvering targets
nature.com
nature.com
Watch this, for example: https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=HYGz32iv1vw
They can fly through spaces barely wider than their body (pulling their wings in as tightly as necessary, then immediately unfolding them to continue flying), over a wide range of pitch/roll, while following a curved trajectory, while pursuing prey.
Can you imagine writing software to do that?
It's a relief that the heavy mathematical prerequisites of optimal control theory aren't needed to understand what the birds do.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proportional_navigation https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constant_bearing,_decreasing_r...