The + feature long predates gmail. Here’s an example description from the 1990s http://www.faqs.org/faqs/mail/addressing/index.html
There's no + aliasing in the specs. There's no interpretation defined for local part of email address.
RFC 5322 does say that a `+` is a valid character in the local part of an e-mail address.
The `+` character being used for address aliasing is, as far as I can tell, not mentioned in RFC 5321 or RFC 5322