In what scenarios with respect to the
government/military/police do you see
being armed as providing an advantage?
I heard a podcast a year or two ago [1] that said the current interpretation of the second amendment only started in the 1960s - and far from being a right-wing view, it was started by the far-left Black Panther Party for Self-Defense.
The Black Panthers decided to 'observe the police' by following police cars with shotgun-carrying armed patrols. That motivated things like the Mulford Act [2] - a Republican act banning carrying loaded guns in public.
So in other words, part of the genesis of the individual rights interpretation of the second amendment, and the notion of using personal guns to oppose an oppressive state, is literally one white cop in a car being followed by six black panthers who are keeping an eye on him.
I can see the advantage from the police
side in terms of more easily justifying
shooting people
The Black Panthers' activities in the 1960s certainly didn't eliminate police brutality towards minorities.
(Incidentally, the podcast also says the NRA in that era was a sports-shooting magazine that barely had a political arm, and didn't oppose gun control)
[1] https://www.wnycstudios.org/story/gun-show
[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mulford_Act