Doctors shouldn't be prescribing antibiotics unless there is a big real need.
Problem solved.
In Germany they do this. No doctor ever prescribes antibiotics. I've used to hate this fact, as most of adults "I NEED TO WORK!!!!11". Here in Germany they are a bit more open to people being sick and staying at home, but some companies are pushing the boundaries, such as, Amazon have some bullying system for people who call in sick, etc. But overall, 500% better than the US?
For instance, at the moment now I'm sick and I've been sick for like almost a month and they don't give me Antibiotics. Back in Brazil, where I've lived, they would just give me it and I would be "healthy" again in 2 days or less.
It is a complex problem. To be honest, most of the usage is probably because people don't want to be sick for too many days, as this is terrible in this sick career ladder where if you don't take antibiotics and is sick for a few weeks, and your peers take it and also put some ritalin on top, you have no chance to compete.
Maybe governments & institutions should control MUCH MORE drugs which are clearly being abused just for the sake of making people rat racing. This creates a very unfair field for whoever do the right thing, which is staying at home and letting the body do what it should.
But this can only be changed if people find it important, for politicians that live off your taxes, they would rather help you to work to death.