1. Anaconda sells support that many companies will value, https://www.anaconda.com/support/
2. Anaconda checks the installed versions of packages in the distribution are compatible.
3. Conda has an “environments” feature so a developer/scientist can switch between many, project-specific development environments, https://docs.anaconda.com/ae-notebooks/user-guide/adv-tasks/...
Edit: Also, there is a distribution for Windows that’s handy when your employer has you using Windows. And, depending on your software approval process, it can be convenient to get one package approved (Anaconda) instead of every package Anaconda includes.
There are certain packages which aren't available on pip that conda-forge provides e.g. for a while OpenCV wasn't available through pypi.
Remember you can use pip within conda, and you can install directly (e.g. setup.py) within a conda env.
Docker is mostly useful if you want to mix and match different versions of CUDA/cudnn etc. If you just want to run an isolated Python environment, then Conda will do the job.