That's exactly the kind of "self-reliancy" and "small government" BS that hasn't worked for the US the past 100 years. Well, it has worked for a small minority which has increasingly enriched itself.
If you promote "giving people opportunities that keep them off the streets" as a solution, you profess to a total ignorance of how homelessness in the US (and most developed countries) works.
It's not poverty or lack of employment. It's more about mental health and substance abuse. You can offer those people all the jobs you want, without medical and psychological/social help, they don't stand a chance.
So yes, "1B on bandaids", like better mental health care for the poor, more social workers, more social housing would be a very good start.