I always thought video is great for this. Check out iBiology's "Techniques" channel. It's a great way to disseminate good practices with complicated biotech equipment. But even the concept of a daily "vlog" with a scientist dictating notes to a webcam. That could then be automatically transcribed, indexed, and made searchable.
If so, you could commit them to a git repo every hour or two, with a commit message that summarises what you've done in that time.
That way, you can run 'git log' to look back over time. If you have good commit messages, you won't need to roll back and look at previous notebook versions, but you can use that as a fall-back if you need to know exactly what you did at a certain step.
For actual tracking, we use rough estimates - more so because we want to balance being a pain of managing the data vs the value that we get out of it.