I opened the full image (14400x14200), which took a good minute to load, and spent some time just looking at every single dot in that picture, which there is a lot of.
When the full image was loaded up in Chrome, Chrome Helper showed up with ~1.30GB of memory consumption; it sometimes went up to 5.60 GB on repeated tests and quickly reverted to ~ 1.30 GB on average.
Preview consumed ~550MB at the beginning and further zooming /zooming out consumed ~250 MB at average.
Chrome, struggled a bit after clicking on Zoom. Preview gave a low resolution image when Zoom was clicked and then gave the original resolution. Preview's user experience was comparatively better.
Intel power gadget showed CPU spikes during these actions, but nominal GPU spikes; I don't think metal is being used in preview.
Edit : RAM : 32GB, Core i5 7th Gen