I don’t want to speak for the OP here, but when I refer to Typescript in comparison to other languages I tend to mean Javascript + the type system provided by the Typescript.

Typescript is not even necessarily the transpiler nowadays. I use Babel for that and use Typescript exclusively for static type analysis in CI and during development.

They could just be referring to the language itself e.g. syntax and structure, not necessarily its primary use case.

JS is also a server-side language.

I didn’t mean as a replacement for C# or an alternative for a given project. I meant my personal preference as a developer (I do often get to choose what language to use, if only by where I choose to work or what projects I take on).

"C# is a server side language"

Node.js is very popular, making TS/JS available 'on the server side'