However, I do have the impression that the situation has already started improving significantly, and as the fines and other enforcement actions start happening, these practices will become less attractive (as in "I don't want this in my company because my competitor had it and got bankrupted by the fines").
A nice aspect of GDPR is the civil enforcement, allowing NGOs to sue on behalf of individuals whose data was abused. This helps resolve the problem that the DPAs are useless and it is infeasible for you to sue Facebook. NOYB.eu is one of the NGOs doing some work in that area (mostly pushing the DPAs to do their job by filing complaints, for now) that has led to fines.
Is there a practical way to demonstrate, in a court of law, that one's data has been stored/used/traded in an illegal way?
For example, assume I use a specifically generated unique email address when signing up to one service. After a while I get spam on that email address from a different company. Can I use this as evidence in a lawsuit? How strong will the case be? Would it help if I ask a trusted party (notary) to deal with the generated email address (so nobody ever sees it except the notary and the company)? What options do I have in collecting evidence?
In practice, the worst data sellers will pretend to act legally, so they'll often admit in some fine print what they're doing.
Also, if the judge asks the representative of the company whether the company is selling your data, the possible answers are "yes", "I don't know", or "no". The former two mean you win. The latter means the representative risks jail time if it later comes out that the company did sell the data.
this is not a right/wrong issue. like most of reality, it's full of grey.
After a quick search, I couldn't find a source that claims that any website is blocked in Hong Kong, and several that claim that no website is blocked.
The Internet connection is monitored, there's pressure and self-censorship, but there's no blocked access to websites. It's easy to be bigger than zero.
EDIT: The biggest collection of the websites I could find lists 1129 that are still blocking access to EU citizens, and 252 that stopped (presumably, once they've become GDPR compliant): https://data.verifiedjoseph.com/dataset/websites-not-availab...
While I agree that there is pressure from pro-Chinese Government henchmen to intimidate free press in HK, I am curious as to where you get this assertion that the internet is monitored. That would imply some kind of government surveillance. I have never heard of any systematic internet monitoring in HK of the kind done in other countries, like mainland China.
Care to share some examples?
GDPR on the other hand has absolutely no political selectivity. It's just a bunch of self selected US sites that can't be bothered to properly implement GDPR (until they get their own version of it).
That makes your claim about the number of websites accessible from Hong Kong about as relevant for freedom of speech as the lack of chlorinated chickens in Europe's supermakets for the variety of food we get to eat.