I think NVidia deserves part of the award, as they have been a major factor in the progress of NNs.
Nah.
It was the high performance scientific computing community that started to use graphics cards to perform matrix computations in the early 2000's. The term GPGPU term was invented. GPU programming pain in the ass in early 2000's. Nvidia saw some markets in GPGPU's for scientific computing. First release of CUDA was 2007.
NVidia didn't do science? It depends on what you call science (math and computer science are not "science" according to a very strict definition involving falsifiability). But in any case, an enormous amount of research went into the development of GPUs. It's not just engineering work. Lots of PhD (students) contributed.
Hardware served as a catalyst, but it was not a necessity.