They explained this in the keynote. They are generating a per-transaction card number, so there is no reasonable way for Mastercard to track what a certain person is buying.
* Tokenization is using a unique per-device credit card. These are generated by the payment network, so Mastercard knows who is making the payment.
* EMV includes per-transaction tokens.
At no point did Apple say anything the prevents MasterCard from tracking your purchases. MasterCard shares this data with the credit networks, and the credit networks sell this data to third parties.