Google reviewed pay equity and learned it was underpaying men
washingtonpost.com
washingtonpost.com
In fact, if under-leveling were true, you might see exactly this pay effect that google discovered! As more competent women are placed in lower levels, they are relatively better paid than men in the same level as they are more skilled. However overall the salary is less than would be if they had been in a lower range of the next level up.
I can’t say what the truth is, but I think it’s very sloppy journalism not to include that detail.
Regardless, links?
Wage = $/h
Earning = Wage * h(worked)
[Edit] paragraph spacing
I assumed OP was talking about income from other sources than your primary employment, e.g. investments, secondary jobs, side hustles of some sort.
If you compare in the same jobs and hourly pay, the gap is very small to statistically insignificant. Women on average work fewer hours and lower paid jobs, but in those jobs they earn the same (or maybe even more) than men.
So now the question becomes why women are working fewer hours and lesser paid jobs. It's probably because of a multitude of factors. You have less societal pressure to earn money. An unemployed woman is a housewife, an unemployed man is usually considered worthless and is divorced. If you want women to work more hours and get paid the same you'd either need to take the pressure away from men to be providers, or you would need to increase the pressure on women to be providers.
Then we have the issue of different jobs. Why do women not get the same positions as men? It's also probably many factors. Again we have the pressure to provide which drives some people to become workaholics, which makes it more likely that they will get chances to advance in their career. Then we have interests. I studied 10 years ago and we barely had more than 5% women in engineering. Engineering pays better than a lot of careers chosen by women, even if you don't advance as much career-wise.
And the women I do know in engineering usually start out in big corporate, highly paid jobs, whereas their male peers often need to work in small body-leasing companies for half the pay until big corporate takes them. This is because big corporate wants to fill quotas that are unrealistic given only a very small population studying these subjects. So at least at the start of an engineering career the job-gap is the other way around.
However men are still much more common in the higher positions in those corporations. It could be a glass ceiling. It could be self-selection. It could be more pressure to provide. I'm guessing it's a combination of factors. But the often touted inequality is probably not nearly as pronounced as the clickbaity media presents it.