Xcode is now free: https://itunes.apple.com/gb/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12 (although you still have to have a mac)
Not true anymore [1]
[1] https://stackoverflow.com/questions/43932076/how-to-build-ap...
No you don't. XCode takes care of all of that automatically, I haven't had to hassle with provisioning profiles in years.