can someone please give this outsider-noob an eli5 explanation why golang do not adopt a same policy/attitude/implementation towards package management?
This is actually one of the reasons that I don't think Go is a very good language for most people/organizations. It was conceived with a specific set of guidelines that Google needed; easy to learn, performant, etc. Go is also designed to be used by teams of thousands, so it's much easier to adopt misc packages into the fold and maintain them than it is to manage links to outside requirements.