- Modules - TypeScript - Newer JavaScript syntax - SASS compilation - Code splitting
etc.
For me, it's hard to imagine a medium/large sized JS project without using some kind of module system. And once you've setup the build system for that, you might as well use all of the other features that it enables.
Code splitting/vendoring has changed with HTTP2, and will continue to change as HTTP3 comes along.
SASS compilation, and if you choose to use TypeScript, will require a build step, but at least the SASS side of that is very easy and straight forward by itself.
Put another way, if you have a skillset that includes configuring and/or maintaining non-trivial build pipelines, you're not a junior Engineer any more.
Junior developers are often just fine trusting build systems as block boxes once you've got them setup for them.