I guess my latter point there relates to the fact that there's not always a single "right way" of doing something.
Now I know that this might sound like I'm the same as the people shooting down your suggestions in your linked 'Ask HN' thread. Trust me, I'm not like that: I left my previous job a few months ago for the exact same reasons that you have outlined (i.e. there was clear change that was needed, but the 'powers that be' weren't willing to make those changes).
But to circle back to your question: assuming there aren't massive organizational problems at a company, change usually needs to be made slowly-but-surely with the buy-in of any previous 'change blockers' (where possible). Anyone trying to force through lots of change in a short period of time will usually struggle.
If even minor change is not possible, there's two main possibilities:
1) You're wrong about the change, and you might be the problem. 2) You're right about the change, the company is dysfunctional, and moving to a new job is the answer.
From your linked thread, (2) does sound like the situation in your case (fortunately/unfortunately).