React is the first time I feel like we've actually hit something good. It's still not fully there, but it's the closest it has felt to that so far.
State management is messy, that's clearly an area where the problem still hasn't been solved. The main issue is that state means too much really. There's your (typically) main source of truth: the database. Then your server may maintain some state (although nowadays this is not common, thankfully). Then there's the frontend app state, which loads from the server/db, and may or may not staty up to date.
On top of this you have temporary frontend state (unsaved changes), and finally pure UI state (hovering things, "show more"... )
Managing all of this is extremely difficult. Graphql with the appropriate frontend library for example is revolutionary in some ways, but a major difference in backend architecture, which isn't easy to reason about (fine grained entitlements, mutations & side effects such as notification emails, report generation.. are not easy)
Anyway, my point is that I understand your frustration with how everything's outdated too quickly, and how in the past we had stable frameworks or languages. But I feel the reason is that we are actually in a transition period, and making a lot of progress really fast. Hopefully the outcome of these messy years is a Standard™ way to define a UI, it's state, and it's interactions with an API, in an e2e type-safe, testable manner. One can dream right?