I'm confused by your statement, there's plenty of not computable functions for which we know whether S(1)=0 is true or not
† The knowing is external to the system at hand, and the proving is internal to the system at hand. I go into detail about this in my blog posts linked above.
So I'm not sure it only applies to some special cases, I think several relevant incomputable problems might have this characteristic.
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Busy_beaver#Non-computability