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Comment by moviuro | Hacker News Reader

No. My argument is that both arguments do exist and security is all about middle-ground. Do we add (yet another) layer of (bug-riddled) software to defeat one possible sort of exploits, or not? How much does it cost? (Time, money, etc.)

Other options include: not handle http directly in the package manager but use a known-good library (curl?); do priv-sep; not having the package manager execute code from a file before it checked its authenticity...

My personal opinion on the topic is that authenticating servers is a good thing to do (https does this; encryption is an added benefit), but time has shown that https is broken: libs are full of holes; the CA model is broken by design. Maybe share updates using ssh?

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Oh for god’s sake will you stop spreading nonsense FUD about https? https is not “broken”. The majority of websites run on https now; most system update mechanisms with the VERY notable exception of apt use https to serve updates.

Sure, there are bugs in libraries, but seeing as https is already widespread you’re not exposing yourself to MORE risk by using https over plain http, and you mitigate attacks like this post. Any random coffee shop, untrusted public WiFi, or attacker with a Pineapple could have used this attack to MITM HTTP apt, whereas the attacker would have to compromise an upstream mirror to pull off the same attack over HTTPS.

And re: the CA model, if you’re THAT worried about compromised or fake certs, then pin the cert for a root server like debian.org, then download PGP-signed cert bundles for mirrors and enforce certificate pinning using those bundles only. Done. Apple and Microsoft use cert pinning for their update systems (IIRC).

> The majority of websites run on https now

We are talking about a specific use case of https: software repositories, which are far higher-value targets than your random website, with another set of challenges. Your package manager can actually do some things as root; once it's owned, your system is Game Over.

Adding yet another lib on top of the (?) most important piece of software on your computer is not a risk to take lightly. There are more elegant solutions (signatures, priv-sep, not trusting anything until authenticated, etc.) that require less risky code to run, and fewer people to come into play.

> Sure, there are bugs in libraries, but seeing as https is already widespread you’re not exposing yourself to MORE risk by using https over plain http

Irrelevant. We're talking about instant game over if it goes to sh.. even if just once. More attack surface = more vulnerabilities.

With https libs you're trading one potential issue with another class of issues. Https implementation may have an rce but (this happens extremely infrequently and can be patched quickly). At the same time, it prevents the whole class of issues of MitM, whatever element of the underlying system they would target. (Which potentially need client changes to multiple elements to get fixed) This is a pretty easy decision to make.

If you're that paranoid about OpenSSL, then just sandbox it. Throw the entire `apt-transport-https` subprocess in an unprivileged context. Done.

CA-model requires "extra" investment, that not many are willing to make. Plus there is a secure way to distribute an OS, which does not require https [download over http, obtain signed check-sums from a trusted source, verify, and proceed with installation].

Letsencrypt.org.

Stop it, just stop it.

I think the point is that adding https over http for the current system would always improve security. At it's most broken, https is at least as secure as http and therefore wouldn't reduce the security of the overall system. It adds one more hurdle for an attacker to clear.

Similarly, the apt team ignoring a bug like this "because it's protected by https anyway." Is an invalid argument.

> adding https over http for the current system would always improve security

No.

If an attacker can inject packets that break your SSL lib, but wouldn't have broken your package manager, you added a vuln.

Example: https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0545

Fair. There are specific library attacks that could result in RCE. However that is also true against curl, ssh, and for that matter could be introduced into your http library at some point. The question then becomes what library do you trust most? OpenSSL is attacked and tested constantly. Things have been found (in your example in 2003!). They have been fixed. Apt can choose to stand on it's shoulders, or go through the entire process themselves by putting together a patchwork of their own solutions that will no doubt get less testing by whitehats and be a juicy target for blackhats.

Even ignoring the fact that there are far better libraries than OpenSSL today (eg: BoringSSL), apt already implements a sandbox-like approach (as the article explains); I'm not sure if the subprocesses are actually sandboxed, but obviously they should and at that point, a vulnerability like the one you cited shouldn't let the attacker escape the very narrow sandbox.

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