TL;DR: Check your presuppositions.
> I’m supposing that all events are the result of a train of consequences (determinism) or are completely random (quantum stuff). Is this correct?
In "He Is There And He Is Not Silent", Francis Schaeffer points out that, if everything had an impersonal beginning, then free will is impossible. A bunch of other stuff is impossible, too: love, morals, meaning, real beauty. Everything we think of as making us human is dead. All we are is deterministic machines made out of atoms, with quantum uncertainty injecting some noise at the lower layers. We're peers to robots. This is the consequence of your supposition in your second paragraph.
But, Schaeffer points out, there is another possible starting point - that everything we see had a personal beginning, that is, God. In that case, our aspiriations to being real persons rather than just machines are in line with what has always been - true personality. And if that is so, then your second paragraph is an incorrect supposition.
Most everyone has a materialistic starting point as such a deeply-buried presupposition that they never question it. But the logical consequences destroy our humanity.
It's kind of like this: Have you ever put a T-shirt on backward? It looks like it should work, and it covers everything that it should cover, but it just doesn't fit. And you try to wiggle it around so that it fits better, but no matter how you wiggle, it never fits right. In the same way, the materialist presupposition looks like it explains everything. But who it says we humans are doesn't fit us. It's untrue to our experience of living as human beings.
I assert that this isn't just a cruel joke played on us by an unfeeling universe. I assert that this is evidence that the materialist presupposition is in fact incorrect. It doesn't explain who we are as human beings. It doesn't explain how we can have real personality.