Another thing is for example Chrome's built in password manager. If I make a bunch of accounts with these passwords, do I NEED Chrome to ever be able to log in to these accounts?
If your home isn't secure enough for this purpose due to roommates or other issues, ask a trusted friend, parent or relative to hold onto it and your other important documents on your behalf. If your situation makes putting it in someone else's hands a problem, you can split the password or other key material between multiple locations as well. 1Password makes it easy with the "rescue kit", and KeepassXC can use a combination of a password and file-based key for this purpose.
Security conversations on this topic typically go down some rabbit hole about the government, police etc. Keep it simple and don't crawl into that hole. End of the day, in the United States, the most reliable and legally secure place is your home or in some cases an attorney's office.
When you need your password at 4:30PM, the bank is closed.
Also, it’s an awful place for important documents like a will, as the bank will require a court order for your family to open it upon your death.
You can setup your password manager authorization to expire periodically (eg, every 30 days) as well as on reboot. With LastPass (probably others) you can also mark certain sites as 'high security' and require entering your master password again. I do this with a small handful of sites, including my bank and domain registrar. I typically log into my bank once or twice a month.
I very rarely reboot my devices (sleep + locked with a different password I have memorized and type in) so I don't get prompted for it that much otherwise, but enough that I have it memorized.
Basically, storing your master password physically only really vulnerable to highly targeted attacks.
And, as I mentioned earlier, we're really quite good at keeping track of wallets and purses in the first case. Losing them is typically (at least in my own experience) a once-in-a-decade event.
If you want to also have a shorter password for daily use, save it in a separate database protected with that long passphrase.
Re: losing access - a 1password family plan allows your family members to recover your account. Or just write your master password down on paper and store it somewhere secure - like a safe or safety deposit box.
I use LastPass (seem to be in the minority here - there are definitely some things about it that bother me; never tried 1Password). Password manager has simplified my life. Not much any more do I have to wonder which password I used where, etc.
You can export passwords in Chrome. Type chrome://settings/passwords into the URL & click the 3 icon settings to the right of Saved Passwords.
Another option is to test the forgot password of your chosen password manager. See what options are & how comfortable they make you.