Python is probably mostly data science if I had to guess. jupyter notebooks have made python excessively used for data science.
Practically, while data science / ML / etc work is a big part of Python, I'd wager a much larger part is still web development work (Django et all). And of course, just using it as a "scripting" language, or using it to create GUIs, etc.
You think? I'll admit that my view of the Python community is super narrow, but I was thinking Django, me writing a bunch of test scripts, backend stuff. I know data science is a "thing" with Python, but I just didn't imagine that it had become it's main use. I guess TIL there's a whole other world of how people use Python, and it might be most of them. :-)
My personal impression is that Python is used in more fields than almost any other language, but that every community is only peripherally aware of other communities.
For example, Python is big in Earth Sciences (or so I am told). Almost nobody outside Earth Sciences knows that.
Until maybe 5 years ago, I had no idea that people used Python for web development. It had just never occurred to me. GvR famously had to google what wsgi was.
So I think your final sentence probably applies to most users of Python.
I can't think of other niches right now, but whatever one you think, it's probably on the top 5 there.
I mean, I like JS as much as everyone else and graphql is better with Apollo than it is with graphene, but I can make a full django app and deploy it before I’m even done looking over the changes to my JS packages that have occurred since I used them last.
Hell, even if you want to use vue or react, I still find django more productive than node, Apollo and prisma. And that’s not mentioning flask.
So I’d wager that python powers a fairly large part of the web, and with good reason.