Its based on Ubuntu, so whatever you can install on Ubuntu should work on Elementary. Only issue I've run into is while adding an apt repo(for docker I think) I needed to point it to bionic instead of juno.
That's a common problem I had too, I often have to modify install scripts because of it
Why not? This isn't anything out of the ordinary. Just some Docker containers and VSC. You can even find the Open Source version of VSC in some repositories.